Timezone offset in timestamp/time literal and CAST should follow SQL standard 
syntax only
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                 Key: CORE-6429
                 URL: http://tracker.firebirdsql.org/browse/CORE-6429
             Project: Firebird Core
          Issue Type: Improvement
          Components: Engine
    Affects Versions: 4.0 Beta 2
            Reporter: Mark Rotteveel


Currently the syntax of a timezone offset in a timestamp or time literal is a 
bit too flexible (allowing [+|-][H]H[:[M]M], so 2, 2:0, 02:00, 2:00 and 02:00 
(and variations with +) all are +02:00, and 2:1, 02:1, 2:01, 02:01 (and 
variations with +), all are +02:01.

As this is a new feature, I would prefer that we take a conservative approach 
and use the more specific and less ambiguous syntax of the SQL standard (in 5.3 
<literal>):

<time zone interval> ::= <sign> <hours value> <colon> <minutes value>
<hours value> ::= <datetime value>
<minutes value> ::= <datetime value>
<datetime value> ::= <unsigned integer>
<sign> ::= <plus sign> | <minus sign>

Combined with:

31) Within a <datetime literal>, the <years value> shall contain four digits. 
The <seconds integer value> and
other datetime components, with the exception of <seconds fraction>, shall each 
contain two digits.

In other words, the format should be: {+|-}HH:MM (so, no optional components, 
always 2 digits for hours and minutes)

This means that the of the offsets shown earlier, only +02:00 and +02:01 would 
be valid

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