Maybe I was just thinking too far out of the box, but I was wondering if it's possible to create output with different pages having different orientation.
I tried just swapping the page-height and page-width attribute values and had a couple of issues with it. For a PDF, if I set the first page to portrait and the second page to landscape it was making both pages landscape. On getting the output directly to the printer that was somehow selecting the wrong tray. I've tried setting the reference-orientation value to 90. I haven't gotten a test that worked with portrait and landscape in the same output, but this works well for landscape directly to the printer. The problem with this value is when I create a PDF and try to view it, the pages actually show as sideways. On sending output directly to the printer I'm actually generating a pageable object from the FOP output and using the javax.print.PrintService class. I was wondering if just setting the javax.print.attribute.standard.PresentationDirection and/or javax.print.attribute.standard.OrientationRequested value would work best for printing landscape, though of course this would not allow portrait and landscape pages in the same output. The only other way I can think of to get portrait and landscape orientation in the same output would be to create different xml files for each and process them separately, though of course this would require some method of combining the output to get one PDF, and it would break xsl code like fo:page-number-citation ref-id="last-page".
