>From The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System, the
write(2) system call must go through vn_write(), ffs_write(),
ffs_balloc(), cluster(), bio() and finally dev() which performs the actual
disk write. Considering all this block-oriented overhead, how can dd(1)
which calls write(2), perform raw io on devices such as /dev/rwd0? Doesn't
write(2) confine the process to block io by its very nature?



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