On Mon, 29 Dec 2008, Dan Nelson wrote:
In the last episode (Dec 28), Yuri said:
malloc(3) can be controlled by MALLOC_OPTIONS to use mmap-based allocation
as opposed to sbrk-based allocation. But allocations/deallocations with
mmaps can eventually lead to non-continuously mmapped memory (having some
non-mmapped gaps).
Are these gaps excluded from the process size or size is always linked to
the current highest available address in memory space?
It looks like only mapped memory is counted in process size. The test
program below shows that the reported size goes down, even if a memory range
inbetween two others is unmapped:
You can use procstat(8), or on older versions of FreeBSD procfs, to explore
the layout of process memory, which may also lend some insight to what's going
on.
Robert N M Watson
Computer Laboratory
University of Cambridge
$ ./mmap
Before mmap:
UID PID PPID CPU PRI NI VSZ RSS MWCHAN STAT TT TIME COMMAND
1000 48058 62165 0 8 0 1928 824 wait S+ ph 0:00.01 ./mmap
mmap 64MB A=0x28280000
UID PID PPID CPU PRI NI VSZ RSS MWCHAN STAT TT TIME COMMAND
1000 48058 62165 0 8 0 67464 824 wait S+ ph 0:00.01 ./mmap
mmap 64MB B=0x2c280000
UID PID PPID CPU PRI NI VSZ RSS MWCHAN STAT TT TIME COMMAND
1000 48058 62165 0 8 0 133000 824 wait S+ ph 0:00.01 ./mmap
mmap 64MB C=0x30280000
UID PID PPID CPU PRI NI VSZ RSS MWCHAN STAT TT TIME COMMAND
1000 48058 62165 0 8 0 198536 824 wait S+ ph 0:00.01 ./mmap
munmap B
UID PID PPID CPU PRI NI VSZ RSS MWCHAN STAT TT TIME COMMAND
1000 48058 62165 0 8 0 133000 824 wait S+ ph 0:00.01 ./mmap
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(void)
{
char *cmd;
void *a, *b, *c;
asprintf(&cmd, "ps axlp %d", getpid());
printf("Before mmap:\n");
system(cmd);
a = mmap(NULL, 64 * 1024 * 1024, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON, -1, 0);
printf("mmap 64MB A=%p\n", a);
system(cmd);
b = mmap(NULL, 64 * 1024 * 1024, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON, -1, 0);
printf("mmap 64MB B=%p\n", b);
system(cmd);
c = mmap(NULL, 64 * 1024 * 1024, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON, -1, 0);
printf("mmap 64MB C=%p\n", c);
system(cmd);
printf("munmap B\n");
munmap(b, 64 * 1024 * 1024);
system(cmd);
return 0;
}
--
Dan Nelson
dnel...@allantgroup.com
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