After reading this short piece, I can't help but wonder if Canada is to
be targeted for a US invasion, as was Iraq.... Of course, we all
remember the results of the last US attempt to militarily intervene in
Canada ;)
Barry
Canada To Increase Military Presence in the Arctic Despite U.S.
Objections
July 10, 2007 — By Rob Gillies, Associated Press
TORONTO -- Canada has announced plans to increase its Arctic military
presence in an effort to assert sovereignty over the Northwest Passage
-- a potentially oil-rich region the United States claims is
international territory.
Prime Minister Stephen Harper said Monday that six to eight patrol
ships will guard what he says are Canadian waters. A deep water port
will also be built in a region the U.S. Geological Survey estimates has
as much as 25 percent of the world's undiscovered oil and gas.
"Canada has a choice when it comes to defending our sovereignty over
the Arctic. We either use it or lose it. And make no mistake, this
government intends to use it," Harper said. "It is no exaggeration to
say that the need to assert our sovereignty and protect our territorial
integrity in the North on our terms have never been more urgent."
U.S. Ambassador David Wilkins has criticized Harper's promise to
defend the Arctic, claiming the Northwest Passage as "neutral waters."
But Wilkins declined to comment on Monday, said U.S. Embassy spokesman
James Foster.
"It's an international channel for passage," Foster said of the
disputed waterway.
As global warming melts the passage -- which now is only navigable
during a slim window in the summer -- the waters are exposing
unexplored resources such as oil, fishing stocks and minerals, and
becoming an attractive shipping route. Commercial ships can shave off
some 2,480 miles (3,990 kilometers) from Europe to Asia compared with
current routes through the Panama Canal.
The disputed route runs from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the
Arctic archipelago. It gained historical fame among European explorers
who longed to find the shorter route to Asia, but found it rendered
inhospitable by ice and weather.
The search for the passage frustrated explorers for centuries,
beginning with John Cabot's voyage in 1497. Eventually it became clear
that a passage did exist, but was too far north for practical use.
Cabot died in 1498 while trying to find it and the shortcut eluded
other famous explorers including Henry Hudson and Francis Drake.
British Arctic explorer Sir John Franklin and 128 hand-picked officers
and men perished mysteriously in 1845 on their expedition. Franklin's
disappearance prompted one of history's largest rescue searches from
1848 to 1859, which resulted in the discovery of a passage.
No sea crossing was successful until Roald Amundsen of Norway, who
took three seasons to complete his trip from 1903-1906.
Canadians have long claimed the waters. But their government has
generally turned a blind eye to the United States, which has sent naval
vessels and submarines through what it considers an international
strait.
The U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says the ice cap is
warming faster than the rest of the planet and ice is receding, partly
due to greenhouse gases.
"The ongoing discovery of the north's resource riches coupled with the
potential impact of climate change has made the region a growing area
of interest and concern," Harper said.
Professor Anthony D'Amato, who teaches international law at
Northwestern University, said Canada's attempt to secure future
economic gains as the area thaws and becomes more navigable was
unlikely to change the international community's view of sovereignty in
the area.
"For Canada to now come in and take advantage of the ice break-up is
just unacceptable," said D'Amato. "Just because there's a change in the
weather doesn't mean there's a change in the law."
Canada also wants to assert its claim over Hans Island, which is at
the eastern entrance to the Northwest Passage.
The half-square-mile (0.8-kilometer) rock is wedged between Canada's
Ellesmere Island and Danish-ruled Greenland, and for more than 20 years
has been a subject of unusually bitter exchanges between the two NATO
allies.
In 1984, Denmark's minister for Greenland affairs, Tom Hoeyem, caused
a stir when he flew in on a chartered helicopter, raised a Danish flag
on the island, buried a bottle of brandy at the base of the flagpole
and left a note saying: "Welcome to the Danish island."
The dispute flared again two years ago when former Canadian Defense
Minister Bill Graham set foot on the rock while Canadian troops hoisted
the Maple Leaf flag.
Denmark sent a letter of protest to Ottawa, while Canadians and Danes
took out competing Google ads, each proclaiming sovereignty over the
rock 680 miles (1,094 kilometers) south of the North Pole.
Some Canadians even called for a boycott of Danish pastries.
Harper did not name the location of the new port but said it will
serve as a naval operating base and for commercial purposes.
Patrol ships with steel-reinforced hulls will be able to go through
ice a foot thick and will be armed and equipped with helicopter landing
pads to accommodate new helicopters being purchased by the Canadian
military.
Harper said the government opted for a more versatile fleet than heavy
icebreakers because there is little need to patrol the area during the
winter when ice prohibits shipping through the route.
Source: Associated Press
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