https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=110654
--- Comment #1 from Andrew Pinski <pinskia at gcc dot gnu.org> --- libccp has: /* In C++, this is an error for invalid character in an identifier because logically, the UTF-8 was converted to a UCN during translation phase 1 (even though we don't physically do it that way). In C, this byte rather becomes grammatically a separate token. */ if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, cplusplus)) cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR, "extended character %.*s is not valid in an identifier", (int) (*pstr - base), base); else { *pstr = base; return false; } So this is due to differences in the languages themselves rather than due to C vs C++ front-end ...