I've committed the following patch under "obviously correct."

2016-07-22  Steven G. Kargl  <ka...@gcc.gnu.org>

        PR fortran/71935
        * check.c (is_c_interoperable): Simplify right expression. 

2016-07-22  Steven G. Kargl  <ka...@gcc.gnu.org>

        PR fortran/71935
        * gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_1.f90: Move invalid code to ...
        * gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_6.f90: here.  Test for error.
        * gfortran.dg/pr71935.f90: New test.

Index: gcc/fortran/check.c
===================================================================
--- gcc/fortran/check.c (revision 238660)
+++ gcc/fortran/check.c (working copy)
@@ -4278,7 +4278,7 @@ is_c_interoperable (gfc_expr *expr, cons
       }
 
     if (expr->ts.u.cl && expr->ts.u.cl->length
-       && !gfc_simplify_expr (expr, 0))
+       && !gfc_simplify_expr (expr->ts.u.cl->length, 0))
       gfc_internal_error ("is_c_interoperable(): gfc_simplify_expr failed");
 
     if (!c_loc && expr->ts.u.cl
Index: gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_1.f90
===================================================================
--- gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_1.f90    (revision 238660)
+++ gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_1.f90    (working copy)
@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ if (i /= 4) call abort()
 i = c_sizeof(str2(1))
 if (i /= 1) call abort()
 
-i = c_sizeof(str2(1:3))
-if (i /= 3) call abort()
-
 write(*,*) c_sizeof(cptr), c_sizeof(iptr), c_sizeof(C_NULL_PTR)
 
 ! Using GNU's SIZEOF
Index: gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_6.f90
===================================================================
--- gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_6.f90    (nonexistent)
+++ gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/c_sizeof_6.f90    (working copy)
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+! { dg-do compile }
+!
+program foo
+
+   use iso_c_binding, only: c_int, c_char, c_sizeof
+
+   integer(kind=c_int) :: i
+
+   character(kind=c_char,len=1),parameter :: str2(4) = ["a","b","c","d"]
+
+   i = c_sizeof(str2(1:3)) ! { dg-error "must be an interoperable data" }
+
+   if (i /= 3) call abort()
+
+end program foo
+
Index: gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/pr71935.f90
===================================================================
--- gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/pr71935.f90       (nonexistent)
+++ gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/pr71935.f90       (working copy)
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+! { dg-do compile }
+program p
+   use iso_c_binding
+   character(len=1, kind=c_char), parameter :: z(2) = 'z'
+   print *, sizeof(z(3))      ! { dg-error "is out of bounds" }
+   print *, c_sizeof(z(3))    ! { dg-error "is out of bounds" }
+end

-- 
Steve

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