In order to be able to perform CTAD for a dependently-scoped template
such as A<T>::B in the testcase below, we need to permit a
typename-specifier to resolve to a template as per [dcl.type.simple]/2,
at least when it appears in a CTAD-enabled context.

This patch implements this using a new tsubst flag tf_tst_ok to control
when a TYPENAME_TYPE is allowed to name a template, and sets this flag
when substituting into the type of a CAST_EXPR, CONSTRUCTOR or VAR_DECL
(each of which is a CTAD-enabled context).

Bootstrapped and regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, does this look OK for
trunk perhaps?

        PR c++/104641

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * cp-tree.h (tsubst_flags::tf_tst_ok): New flag.
        * decl.cc (make_typename_type): Allow a typename-specifier to
        resolve to a template when tf_tst_ok.
        * pt.cc (tsubst_decl) <case VAR_DECL>: Set tf_tst_ok when
        substituting the type.
        (tsubst): Clear tf_tst_ok and remember if it was set.
        <case TYPENAME_TYPE>: Pass tf_tst_ok to make_typename_type
        appropriately.  Do make_template_placeholder when when
        make_typename_type returns a TEMPLATE_DECL.
        (tsubst_copy) <case CAST_EXPR>: Set tf_tst_ok when substituting
        the type.
        (tsubst_copy_and_build) <case CAST_EXPR>: Likewise.
        <case CONSTRUCTOR>: Likewise.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

        * g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C: New test.
---
 gcc/cp/cp-tree.h                              |  2 ++
 gcc/cp/decl.cc                                | 14 +++++---
 gcc/cp/pt.cc                                  | 35 +++++++++++++++----
 .../g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C         | 20 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C

diff --git a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
index da63d51d9bc..8a44218611f 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
+++ b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
@@ -5551,6 +5551,8 @@ enum tsubst_flags {
                                (build_target_expr and friends) */
   tf_norm = 1 << 11,            /* Build diagnostic information during
                                    constraint normalization.  */
+  tf_tst_ok = 1 << 12,          /* Allow a typename-specifier to name
+                                   a template.  */
   /* Convenient substitution flags combinations.  */
   tf_warning_or_error = tf_warning | tf_error
 };
diff --git a/gcc/cp/decl.cc b/gcc/cp/decl.cc
index 7f80f9d4d7a..23c06655bde 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/decl.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/decl.cc
@@ -4148,10 +4148,16 @@ make_typename_type (tree context, tree name, enum 
tag_types tag_type,
     }
   if (!want_template && TREE_CODE (t) != TYPE_DECL)
     {
-      if (complain & tf_error)
-       error ("%<typename %T::%D%> names %q#T, which is not a type",
-              context, name, t);
-      return error_mark_node;
+      if ((complain & tf_tst_ok) && DECL_TYPE_TEMPLATE_P (t))
+       /* The caller permits this typename-specifier to name a template
+          (because it appears in a CTAD-enabled context).  */;
+      else
+       {
+         if (complain & tf_error)
+           error ("%<typename %T::%D%> names %q#T, which is not a type",
+                  context, name, t);
+         return error_mark_node;
+       }
     }
 
   if (!check_accessibility_of_qualified_id (t, /*object_type=*/NULL_TREE,
diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.cc b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
index 8fb17349ee1..18a21572ce3 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
@@ -14926,7 +14926,10 @@ tsubst_decl (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t 
complain)
                && VAR_HAD_UNKNOWN_BOUND (t)
                && type != error_mark_node)
              type = strip_array_domain (type);
-           type = tsubst (type, args, complain, in_decl);
+           tsubst_flags_t tcomplain = complain;
+           if (VAR_P (t))
+             tcomplain |= tf_tst_ok;
+           type = tsubst (type, args, tcomplain, in_decl);
            /* Substituting the type might have recursively instantiated this
               same alias (c++/86171).  */
            if (gen_tmpl && DECL_ALIAS_TEMPLATE_P (gen_tmpl)
@@ -15612,6 +15615,9 @@ tsubst (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t complain, 
tree in_decl)
   bool fndecl_type = (complain & tf_fndecl_type);
   complain &= ~tf_fndecl_type;
 
+  bool tst_ok = (complain & tf_tst_ok);
+  complain &= ~tf_tst_ok;
+
   if (type
       && code != TYPENAME_TYPE
       && code != TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM
@@ -16199,8 +16205,10 @@ tsubst (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t complain, 
tree in_decl)
              return error_mark_node;
          }
 
-       f = make_typename_type (ctx, f, typename_type,
-                               complain | tf_keep_type_decl);
+       tsubst_flags_t tcomplain = complain | tf_keep_type_decl;
+       if (tst_ok)
+         tcomplain |= tf_tst_ok;
+       f = make_typename_type (ctx, f, typename_type, tcomplain);
        if (f == error_mark_node)
          return f;
        if (TREE_CODE (f) == TYPE_DECL)
@@ -16229,6 +16237,12 @@ tsubst (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t complain, 
tree in_decl)
              }
          }
 
+       if (TREE_CODE (f) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
+         {
+           gcc_checking_assert (tst_ok);
+           f = make_template_placeholder (f);
+         }
+
        return cp_build_qualified_type_real
          (f, cp_type_quals (f) | cp_type_quals (t), complain);
       }
@@ -17107,7 +17121,10 @@ tsubst_copy (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t 
complain, tree in_decl)
     case CONVERT_EXPR:
     case NOP_EXPR:
       {
-       tree type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
+       tsubst_flags_t tcomplain = complain;
+       if (code == CAST_EXPR)
+         tcomplain |= tf_tst_ok;
+       tree type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, tcomplain, in_decl);
        tree op0 = tsubst_copy (TREE_OPERAND (t, 0), args, complain, in_decl);
        return build1 (code, type, op0);
       }
@@ -20130,7 +20147,10 @@ tsubst_copy_and_build (tree t,
        tree type;
        tree op, r = NULL_TREE;
 
-       type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
+       tsubst_flags_t tcomplain = complain;
+       if (TREE_CODE (t) == CAST_EXPR)
+         tcomplain |= tf_tst_ok;
+       type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, tcomplain, in_decl);
        if (integral_constant_expression_p
            && !cast_valid_in_integral_constant_expression_p (type))
          {
@@ -21090,12 +21110,15 @@ tsubst_copy_and_build (tree t,
        vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *n;
        constructor_elt *ce;
        unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT idx;
-       tree type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, complain, in_decl);
        bool process_index_p;
         int newlen;
         bool need_copy_p = false;
        tree r;
 
+       tsubst_flags_t tcomplain = complain;
+       if (COMPOUND_LITERAL_P (t))
+         tcomplain |= tf_tst_ok;
+       tree type = tsubst (TREE_TYPE (t), args, tcomplain, in_decl);
        if (type == error_mark_node)
          RETURN (error_mark_node);
 
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C 
b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..462da1dcdc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction107.C
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// PR c++/104641
+// { dg-do compile { target c++17 } }
+
+template<class T>
+struct A {
+  template<class U> struct B { B(U); };
+private:
+  template<class U> struct C { C(U); };
+};
+
+template<class T>
+void f() {
+  typename A<T>::B x = 0;
+  auto y = typename A<T>::B(0);
+  auto z = typename A<T>::B{0};
+
+  typename A<T>::C w(0); // { dg-error "private" }
+}
+
+template void f<void>();
-- 
2.35.1.354.g715d08a9e5

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