On 6/8/22 14:21, Patrick Palka wrote:
When substituting a class template specialization, tsubst_aggr_type
substitutes the TYPE_CONTEXT before passing it to lookup_template_class.
This appears to be unnecessary, however, because the the initial value
of lookup_template_class's context parameter is unused outside of the
IDENTIFIER_NODE case, and l_t_c performs its own substitution of the
context, anyway.  So this patch removes the redundant substitution in
tsubst_aggr_type.  Doing so causes us to ICE on template/nested5.C
because during lookup_template_class for A<T>::C::D<S> with T=E and S=S,
we substitute and complete the context A<T>::C with T=E, which in turn
registers the desired dependent specialization of D for us and we end up
trying to register it again.  This patch fixes this by checking the
specializations table again after completion of the context.

This patch also implements a couple of other optimizations:

   * In lookup_template_class, if the context of the partially
     instantiated template is already non-dependent, then we could
     reuse that instead of substituting the context of the most
     general template.
   * When substituting the TYPE_DECL for an injected-class-name
     in tsubst_decl, we can avoid substituting its TREE_TYPE and
     DECL_TI_ARGS.

Together these optimizations improve memory usage for the range-v3
testcase test/view/split.cc by about 5%.  The improvement is probably
more significant when dealing with deeply nested class templates.

Bootstrapped and regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, does this look OK for
trunk?

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * pt.cc (lookup_template_class): Remove dead stores to
        context parameter.  Don't substitute the context of the
        most general template if that of the partially instantiated
        template is non-dependent.  Check the specializations table
        again after completing the context of a nested dependent
        specialization.
        (tsubst_aggr_type) <case RECORD_TYPE>: Don't substitute
        TYPE_CONTEXT or pass it to lookup_template_class.
        (tsubst_decl) <case TYPE_DECL>: Avoid substituting the
        TREE_TYPE and DECL_TI_ARGS when DECL_SELF_REFERENCE_P.
---
  gcc/cp/pt.cc | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
  1 file changed, 41 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.cc b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
index 59b94317e88..28023d60684 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
@@ -9840,8 +9840,6 @@ lookup_template_class (tree d1, tree arglist, tree 
in_decl, tree context,
          if (context)
            pop_decl_namespace ();
        }
-      if (templ)
-       context = DECL_CONTEXT (templ);
      }
    else if (TREE_CODE (d1) == TYPE_DECL && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (d1)))
      {
@@ -9868,7 +9866,6 @@ lookup_template_class (tree d1, tree arglist, tree 
in_decl, tree context,
      {
        templ = d1;
        d1 = DECL_NAME (templ);
-      context = DECL_CONTEXT (templ);
      }
    else if (DECL_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_PARM_P (d1))
      {
@@ -10059,8 +10056,25 @@ lookup_template_class (tree d1, tree arglist, tree 
in_decl, tree context,
        context = DECL_CONTEXT (gen_tmpl);
        if (context && TYPE_P (context))
        {
-         context = tsubst_aggr_type (context, arglist, complain, in_decl, 
true);
-         context = complete_type (context);
+         if (!uses_template_parms (DECL_CONTEXT (templ)))
+           /* If the context of the partially instantiated template is
+              already non-dependent, then we might as well use it.  */
+           context = DECL_CONTEXT (templ);
+         else
+           {
+             context = tsubst_aggr_type (context, arglist, complain, in_decl, 
true);
+             context = complete_type (context);
+             if (is_dependent_type && arg_depth > 1)
+               {
+                 /* If this is a dependent nested specialization such as
+                    A<int>::B<T>, then completion of A<int> might have
+                    registered this specialization of B for us, so check
+                    the table again (33959).  */
+                 entry = type_specializations->find_with_hash (&elt, hash);
+                 if (entry)
+                   return entry->spec;
+               }
+           }
        }
        else
        context = tsubst (context, arglist, complain, in_decl);
@@ -13711,25 +13725,12 @@ tsubst_aggr_type (tree t,
        if (TYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (t) && uses_template_parms (t))
        {
          tree argvec;
-         tree context;
          tree r;
/* In "sizeof(X<I>)" we need to evaluate "I". */
          cp_evaluated ev;
- /* First, determine the context for the type we are looking
-            up.  */
-         context = TYPE_CONTEXT (t);
-         if (context && TYPE_P (context))
-           {
-             context = tsubst_aggr_type (context, args, complain,
-                                         in_decl, /*entering_scope=*/1);
-             /* If context is a nested class inside a class template,
-                it may still need to be instantiated (c++/33959).  */
-             context = complete_type (context);
-           }
-
-         /* Then, figure out what arguments are appropriate for the
+         /* Figure out what arguments are appropriate for the
             type we are trying to find.  For example, given:
template <class T> struct S;
@@ -13744,7 +13745,7 @@ tsubst_aggr_type (tree t,
            r = error_mark_node;
          else
            {
-             r = lookup_template_class (t, argvec, in_decl, context,
+             r = lookup_template_class (t, argvec, in_decl, NULL_TREE,
                                         entering_scope, complain);
              r = cp_build_qualified_type (r, cp_type_quals (t), complain);
            }
@@ -14880,6 +14881,10 @@ tsubst_decl (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t 
complain)
                ctx = tsubst_aggr_type (ctx, args,
                                        complain,
                                        in_decl, /*entering_scope=*/1);
+               if (DECL_SELF_REFERENCE_P (t))
+                 /* The context and type of a injected-class-name are
+                    the same, so we don't need to substitute both.  */
+                 type = ctx;
                /* If CTX is unchanged, then T is in fact the
                   specialization we want.  That situation occurs when
                   referencing a static data member within in its own
@@ -14900,14 +14905,22 @@ tsubst_decl (tree t, tree args, tsubst_flags_t 
complain)
              {
                tmpl = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (t);
                gen_tmpl = most_general_template (tmpl);
-               argvec = tsubst (DECL_TI_ARGS (t), args, complain, in_decl);
-               if (argvec != error_mark_node)
-                 argvec = (coerce_innermost_template_parms
-                           (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (gen_tmpl),
-                            argvec, t, complain,
-                            /*all*/true, /*defarg*/true));
-               if (argvec == error_mark_node)
-                 RETURN (error_mark_node);
+               if (DECL_SELF_REFERENCE_P (t))
+                 /* The DECL_TI_ARGS for the injected-class-name are the
+                    generic template arguments for the class template, so
+                    substitution/coercion is just the identity mapping.  */
+                 argvec = args;

Would it make sense to extend this to any TEMPLATE_DECL for which DECL_PRIMARY_TEMPLATE is the class template? So, anything that gets here except an alias template.

+               else
+                 {
+                   argvec = tsubst (DECL_TI_ARGS (t), args, complain, in_decl);
+                   if (argvec != error_mark_node)
+                     argvec = (coerce_innermost_template_parms
+                               (DECL_TEMPLATE_PARMS (gen_tmpl),
+                                argvec, t, complain,
+                                /*all*/true, /*defarg*/true));
+                   if (argvec == error_mark_node)
+                     RETURN (error_mark_node);
+                 }
                hash = hash_tmpl_and_args (gen_tmpl, argvec);
                spec = retrieve_specialization (gen_tmpl, argvec, hash);
              }

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