Enable TARGET_CONST_ANCHOR to allow complex constants to be created via 
immediate add.
Use a 24-bit range as that enables a 3 or 4-instruction immediate to be 
replaced by
2 additions.  Fix the costing of immediate add to support 24-bit immediate and 
12-bit shifted
immediates.  The generated code for the testcase is now the same or better than 
LLVM.
It also results in a small codesize reduction on SPEC.

Passes bootstrap and regress, OK for commit?

gcc/
        * config/aarch64/aarch64.cc (aarch64_rtx_costs): Add correct costs for
        24-bit immediate add and 12-bit high immediate add.
        (TARGET_CONST_ANCHOR): Define.

gcc/testsuite/
        * gcc.target/aarch64/movk_3.c: New test.

---

diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
index 
e97f3b32f7c7f43564d6a4207eae5a34b9e9bfe7..a73741800c963ee6605fd2cfa918f4399da4bfdf
 100644
--- a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
+++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
@@ -14257,6 +14257,16 @@ cost_plus:
            return true;
          }
 
+       if (aarch64_pluslong_immediate (op1, mode))
+         {
+           /* 24-bit add in 2 instructions or 12-bit shifted add.  */
+           if ((INTVAL (op1) & 0xfff) != 0)
+             *cost += COSTS_N_INSNS (1);
+
+           *cost += rtx_cost (op0, mode, PLUS, 0, speed);
+           return true;
+         }
+
        *cost += rtx_cost (op1, mode, PLUS, 1, speed);
 
        /* Look for ADD (extended register).  */
@@ -28051,6 +28061,9 @@ aarch64_libgcc_floating_mode_supported_p
 #undef TARGET_HAVE_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
 #define TARGET_HAVE_SHADOW_CALL_STACK true
 
+#undef TARGET_CONST_ANCHOR
+#define TARGET_CONST_ANCHOR 0x1000000
+
 struct gcc_target targetm = TARGET_INITIALIZER;
 
 #include "gt-aarch64.h"
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/movk_3.c 
b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/movk_3.c
new file mode 100644
index 
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9e8c0c42671bef3f63028b4e51d0bd78c9903994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/movk_3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-options "-O2 --save-temps" } */
+
+
+/* 2 MOV */
+void f16 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x1234;
+  p[2] = 0x1235;
+}
+
+/* MOV, MOVK and ADD */
+void f32_1 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x12345678;
+  p[2] = 0x12345678 + 0xfff;
+}
+
+/* 2 MOV, 2 MOVK */
+void f32_2 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x12345678;
+  p[2] = 0x12345678 + 0x555555;
+}
+
+/* MOV, MOVK and ADD */
+void f32_3 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x12345678;
+  p[2] = 0x12345678 + 0x999000;
+}
+
+/* MOV, 2 MOVK and ADD */
+void f48_1 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x123456789abc;
+  p[2] = 0x123456789abc + 0xfff;
+}
+
+/* MOV, 2 MOVK and 2 ADD */
+void f48_2 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x123456789abc;
+  p[2] = 0x123456789abc + 0x666666;
+}
+
+/* 2 MOV, 4 MOVK */
+void f48_3 (long *p)
+{
+  p[0] = 0x123456789abc;
+  p[2] = 0x123456789abc + 0x1666666;
+}
+
+/* { dg-final { scan-assembler-times "mov\tx\[0-9\]+, \[0-9\]+" 10 } } */
+/* { dg-final { scan-assembler-times "movk\tx\[0-9\]+, 0x\[0-9a-f\]+" 12 } } */
+/* { dg-final { scan-assembler-times "add\tx\[0-9\]+, x\[0-9\]+, \[0-9\]+" 5 } 
} */

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