There's no reason to constrain this to AVX512VL, unless instructed so by
-mprefer-vector-width=, as the wider operation is unusable for more
narrow operands only when the possible memory source is a non-broadcast
one. This way even the scalar copysign<mode>3 can benefit from the
operation being a single-insn one (leaving aside moves which the
compiler decides to insert for unclear reasons, and leaving aside the
fact that bcst_mem_operand() is too restrictive for broadcast to be
embedded right into VPTERNLOG*).

Along with this also request value duplication in
ix86_expand_copysign()'s call to ix86_build_signbit_mask(), eliminating
excess space allocation in .rodata.*, filled with zeros which are never
read.

gcc/

        * config/i386/i386-expand.cc (ix86_expand_copysign): Request
        value duplication by ix86_build_signbit_mask() when AVX512F and
        not HFmode.
        * config/i386/sse.md (*<avx512>_vternlog<mode>_all): Convert to
        2-alternative form. Adjust "mode" attribute. Add "enabled"
        attribute.
        (*<avx512>_vpternlog<mode>_1): Also permit when TARGET_AVX512F
        && !TARGET_PREFER_AVX256.
        (*<avx512>_vpternlog<mode>_2): Likewise.
        (*<avx512>_vpternlog<mode>_3): Likewise.
---
I guess the underlying pattern, going along the lines of what
<mask_codefor>one_cmpl<mode>2<mask_name> uses, can be applied elsewhere
as well.

HFmode could use embedded broadcast too for copysign and alike, but that
would need to be V2HF -> V8HF (for which I don't think there are any
existing patterns).
---
v2: Respect -mprefer-vector-width=.

--- a/gcc/config/i386/i386-expand.cc
+++ b/gcc/config/i386/i386-expand.cc
@@ -2266,7 +2266,7 @@ ix86_expand_copysign (rtx operands[])
   else
     dest = NULL_RTX;
   op1 = lowpart_subreg (vmode, force_reg (mode, operands[2]), mode);
-  mask = ix86_build_signbit_mask (vmode, 0, 0);
+  mask = ix86_build_signbit_mask (vmode, TARGET_AVX512F && mode != HFmode, 0);
 
   if (CONST_DOUBLE_P (operands[1]))
     {
--- a/gcc/config/i386/sse.md
+++ b/gcc/config/i386/sse.md
@@ -12597,11 +12597,11 @@
    (set_attr "mode" "<sseinsnmode>")])
 
 (define_insn "*<avx512>_vternlog<mode>_all"
-  [(set (match_operand:V 0 "register_operand" "=v")
+  [(set (match_operand:V 0 "register_operand" "=v,v")
        (unspec:V
-         [(match_operand:V 1 "register_operand" "0")
-          (match_operand:V 2 "register_operand" "v")
-          (match_operand:V 3 "bcst_vector_operand" "vmBr")
+         [(match_operand:V 1 "register_operand" "0,0")
+          (match_operand:V 2 "register_operand" "v,v")
+          (match_operand:V 3 "bcst_vector_operand" "vBr,m")
           (match_operand:SI 4 "const_0_to_255_operand")]
          UNSPEC_VTERNLOG))]
   "TARGET_AVX512F
@@ -12609,10 +12609,22 @@
    it's not real AVX512FP16 instruction.  */
   && (GET_MODE_SIZE (GET_MODE_INNER (<MODE>mode)) >= 4
      || GET_CODE (operands[3]) != VEC_DUPLICATE)"
-  "vpternlog<ternlogsuffix>\t{%4, %3, %2, %0|%0, %2, %3, %4}"
+{
+  if (TARGET_AVX512VL)
+    return "vpternlog<ternlogsuffix>\t{%4, %3, %2, %0|%0, %2, %3, %4}";
+  else
+    return "vpternlog<ternlogsuffix>\t{%4, %g3, %g2, %g0|%g0, %g2, %g3, %4}";
+}
   [(set_attr "type" "sselog")
    (set_attr "prefix" "evex")
-   (set_attr "mode" "<sseinsnmode>")])
+   (set (attr "mode")
+        (if_then_else (match_test "TARGET_AVX512VL")
+                     (const_string "<sseinsnmode>")
+                     (const_string "XI")))
+   (set (attr "enabled")
+       (if_then_else (eq_attr "alternative" "1")
+                     (symbol_ref "<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL")
+                     (const_string "*")))])
 
 ;; There must be lots of other combinations like
 ;;
@@ -12641,7 +12653,8 @@
          (any_logic2:V
            (match_operand:V 3 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand")
            (match_operand:V 4 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand"))))]
-  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL)
+  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL
+    || (TARGET_AVX512F && !TARGET_PREFER_AVX256))
    && ix86_pre_reload_split ()
    && (rtx_equal_p (STRIP_UNARY (operands[1]),
                    STRIP_UNARY (operands[4]))
@@ -12725,7 +12738,8 @@
              (match_operand:V 2 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand"))
            (match_operand:V 3 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand"))
          (match_operand:V 4 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand")))]
-  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL)
+  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL
+    || (TARGET_AVX512F && !TARGET_PREFER_AVX256))
    && ix86_pre_reload_split ()
    && (rtx_equal_p (STRIP_UNARY (operands[1]),
                    STRIP_UNARY (operands[4]))
@@ -12808,7 +12822,8 @@
            (match_operand:V 1 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand")
            (match_operand:V 2 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand"))
          (match_operand:V 3 "regmem_or_bitnot_regmem_operand")))]
-  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL)
+  "(<MODE_SIZE> == 64 || TARGET_AVX512VL
+    || (TARGET_AVX512F && !TARGET_PREFER_AVX256))
    && ix86_pre_reload_split ()"
   "#"
   "&& 1"

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