Gasparini, Blaž; Lohmann, Ulrike (2016): Why cirrus cloud seeding cannot
substantially cool the planet. In J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 121 (9), pp.
4877–4893. DOI 10.1002/2015JD024666.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2015JD024666/abstract
Research Article
Why cirrus cloud seeding cannot substantially cool the planet
First published: 12 May 2016Full publication history
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Abstract
The net warming effect of cirrus clouds has driven part of the
geoengineering research toward the idea of decreasing their occurrence
frequency by seeding them with efficient ice nucleating particles. We
study responses of cirrus clouds to simplified global seeding strategies
in terms of their radiative fluxes with the help of the ECHAM-HAM
general circulation model. Our cirrus scheme takes into account the
competition between homogeneous and heterogeneous freezing, preexisting
ice crystals, and the full spectrum of updraft velocities. While we find
that the cirrus cloud radiative effect evaluated from our model is
positive and large enough (5.7 W/m^2 ) to confirm their geoengineering
potential, none of the seeding strategies achieves a significant cooling
due to complex microphysical mechanisms limiting their climatic
responses. After globally uniform seeding is applied, we observe an
increase in cirrus cloud cover, a decrease in ice crystal number
concentration, and a decrease in ice crystal radius. An analysis of
their respective radiative contributions points to the ice crystal
radius decrease as the main factor limiting seeding effectiveness.
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