https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576522000777

The solar shield concept: Current status and future possibilities
Kenneth Roy

Abstract

The concept of deploying a large solar shield, or sunshade, near the
Sun-Earth L1 Lagrange equilibrium point was first proposed in 1989. The
purpose of such a solar shade would be to reduce the quantity of solar
radiation impinging on planet Earth, thus lowering the average global
surface temperature and countering, to some extent, global warming. This
form of solar radiation management seems to be one of the safest and most
efficient methods proposed to date but also seems to be extremely expensive
and perhaps too difficult to implement in a timely manner. The near-term
arrival of cheap, re-usable launch vehicles may be able to address both of
these concerns. Depending on the assumptions made, deploying a solar shield
near the Sun-Earth L1 point might actually be feasible in the near term and
would be able to slow, stop, or even reverse Earth's global warming, even
in the face of increasing levels of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere.
Solar radiation management doesn't address other environmental issues, such
as the acidification of the world's oceans, but it does address the more
urgent issue of impending global warming and the resulting climate change,
thus buying time for the World's economies to transition to more
sustainable, carbon-free energy sources. The infrastructure necessary to
construct and deploy a large solar shield will probably be space-based and
could be useful for many other purposes after deployment of the solar
shield.

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