Ciao Jonathan,
please read my comments inline below...

Regards,
Simone Giannecchini
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On Tue, Nov 12, 2013 at 9:27 AM, Jonathan Moules
<jonathanmou...@warwickshire.gov.uk> wrote:
> Hi List,
> We've recently taken deliver of some aerial photography.
>
> As lossless GeoTIFFs, the RedGreenBlue data is 278GB
> As a compressed JP2 file the data is 26GB - the JP2 is almost as good as the
> GeoTIFFs and comes with pyramids built in.

Unless you have an ECW or Kakadu license JP2 reading won't be as fast
as GeoTiff, I mean, nowhere near to it :)

>
> But for speed purposes with GeoServer I've created an imageMosaic of 13 Jpeg
> compressed GeoTIFFs with overviews/tiles etc. This comes out at a massive
> 106GB and the quality is worse than the JP2 file despite being four times
> the size.
>
> Can anyone advise how I can improve these files to make them smaller
> (ideally with better quality too)? I created each of the GeoTIFFs with the
> following two commands
>
> Merge, tile, and compress all at once.
>>
>> gdal_merge -q -o file_name.tif -of GTiff -co TILED=YES -co BIGTIFF=YES -co
>> COMPRESS=JPEG -co JPEG_QUALITY=50 -co BLOCKXSIZE=512 -co BLOCKYSIZE=512
>> --optfile tiff_list.txt

I believe quality is too low. This makes the files smaller but also
makes the jpeg artifacts quite visibile. I would go with the default
which is 75%.
Moreover, you should use this switch PHOTOMETRIC= YCBCR to improve
JPEG compression.

>
>
> Pyramids
>>
>> gdaladdo -r average %THIS_DIR%.tif 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

This is correct but could be done better. Since the base level is
compressed I would compress overviews as well.
gdaladdo -r cubic -config COMPRESS_OVERVIEW JPEG --config
PHOTOMETRIC_OVERVIEW YCBCR %THIS_DIR%.tif 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

This should provide more quality but also relatively small size.

>
>
>
> Using JP2 with GDAL is tempting (though supposedly much slower) - but we're
> likely to be putting up four band (RGB + Infrared) data, which I think we
> can use GeoServer to visualise (still to play with). JP2 can't handle four
> bands.

Ehm, I am playing with 4 bands JP2 just these days, hence I am not so
sure this is true (which means I believe it is not :) )

I am doing some work to improve performance + quality of 16 bits 4
bands imagery, if you move on along the JP2 lines I could make good
use of a sample.

>
> Am I doing something wrong with the GeoTIFF creation?
>
> Thoughts welcome.
> Thanks,
> Jonathan
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