Dear Jonathan,
a few things in random order:

-1- 1G permsize? Do you really need it?
-2- 64MB is not the memory that GeoServer will use for a single
request (the total one I mean). It imposes a limit on the backbuffer
on which geoserver will render, hence it is an indirect limitation to
the size of the image one can request (#bands*w*h tells you the size
of the backbuffer in bytes)

This means that depending on the underlying data as well as on the
style it can use much more memory.

Aside, memory is not released instantaneously hence under load unless
you put control flow in the mix you might still get OOM errros

-3- put XMX == XMS there is no point on a server application to set
them differently it will simply make it easier to fragment heap memory
and make OOM easier ti happen.

There is more but this is just a braing dumpo of obvious things.

Regards,
Simone Giannecchini
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On Tue, Mar 8, 2016 at 1:48 PM, Jonathan Moules
<jonathan-li...@lightpear.com> wrote:
> So I doubled the XMX to 12G and sure enough it can now handle 8 threads with
> no problems.
>
> But curiously, I then restarted the instance again (to throw in a second
> instance) but the very first request returned:
>
>       Rendering process failed
> java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
> Java heap space
>
> I've seen this during a few of my tests - the first request (sometimes first
> several) somehow comes back as being memory constrained, even though there
> are/should be no demands on GeoServer when it's received.
> Is this normal?
> Cheers,
> Jonathan
>
>
>
> ---- On Tue, 08 Mar 2016 11:31:43 +0000 <jonathan-li...@lightpear.com> wrote
> ----
>
> Hi List,
>     I'm experiencing some memory issues with GeoServer 2.7.1 on Linux. The
> startup settings are:
>     jvm_opts=-Xms2G -Xmx6G -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m (So 6GB of Heap).
>
>     I'm running some JMeter tests to make requests like this:
>
> http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms?LAYERS=myayer&FORMAT=image%2Fpng8&TRANSPARENT=TRUE&SERVICE=WMS&VERSION=1.1.1&REQUEST=GetMap&STYLES=&SRS=EPSG%3A27700&BBOX=404453,555869,415688,572175&WIDTH=3210&HEIGHT=4659&FORMAT_OPTIONS=dpi:300
>
>     As you can see, it's for a very large image: 3210 * 4659 at 300DPI (A3
> printing size; alas we cannot use tiles). While mostly targetted at rural
> areas there are some towns in the given areas, so well into the 10's of
> thousands of features sometimes hundreds of thousands. The data is coming
> from Oracle.
>     WMS "Max rendering memory (KB)" is at 64MB (the default); I've increased
> rendering time to be up to 5 mins (the max is taking about 100 seconds).
>
>     Using 5 threads in Jmeter against one instance and running tests against
> lots of different scales we're seeing a probably 10-20% of requests return:
>
>     <ServiceException code="internalError">
>       Rendering process failed
> java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
> Java heap space
> </ServiceException>
>
>
>     We've also had at least one of these:
>
>     <ServiceException code="internalError">
>       Rendering process failed
> java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
> GC overhead limit exceeded
> </ServiceException>
>
> Given there are only 5 threads, and the max rendering memory is a mere 64MB,
> even taking into account all the features that need to be loaded, we're
> surprised that somehow Java is running out of space. Is it worth increasing
> the -Xmx even higher? Is there anything else we can do to obviate this
> problem?
> Thanks,
> Jonathan
>
>
>
>
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