From: Ivan Ionut 
  To: git-users@googlegroups.com 
  Sent: Sunday, September 16, 2012 7:06 PM
  Subject: [git-users] Changed but not updated and Changes not staged for commit


  Well after i modified a file... after git status:

  # Changes not staged for commit:
  #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
  #
  #    modified:   file2
  #

  I need to understand why it didn't show:


# Changed but not updated:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#
#   modified:   file2
#The reason that the "git checkout -- <file>" is provided is because it is a 
method for fetching that specific file from your index and in doing so 
discarding any recent changes. 

That is, you can go forward with "git add <file>",
or you can go back with "git checkout -- <file>".

There is no 'git reset' for just a single file. Reset applies to a whole commit.

The "git checkout -- <file>" can get the file from any commit if one is given 
in the command (see the man page). Getting it fromm the index is the default.

The "--" is the separator that ensures that everying after it is a pathspec 
(see 'git rev-parse --help' and the 'git cli --help').

Philip

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