Reimplement the `bisect_start` shell function partially in C and add
`bisect-start` subcommand to `git bisect--helper` to call it from
git-bisect.sh .

The last part is not converted because it calls another shell function.
`bisect_start` shell function will be completed after the `bisect_next`
shell function is ported in C.

Using `--bisect-start` subcommand is a temporary measure to port shell
function in C so as to use the existing test suite. As more functions
are ported, this subcommand will be retired and will be called by some
other methods.

Mentored-by: Lars Schneider <larsxschnei...@gmail.com>
Mentored-by: Christian Couder <chrisc...@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Pranit Bauva <pranit.ba...@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/bisect--helper.c | 254 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 git-bisect.sh            | 133 +------------------------
 2 files changed, 254 insertions(+), 133 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/bisect--helper.c b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
index f912010..80116ba 100644
--- a/builtin/bisect--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "prompt.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_terms, "BISECT_TERMS")
 static GIT_PATH_FUNC(git_path_bisect_expected_rev, "BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ static const char * const git_bisect_helper_usage[] = {
        N_("git bisect--helper --bisect-check-and-set-terms <command> 
<TERM_GOOD> <TERM_BAD>"),
        N_("git bisect--helper --bisect-next-check [<term>] <TERM_GOOD> 
<TERM_BAD"),
        N_("git bisect--helper --bisect-terms [--term-good | --term-old | 
--term-bad | --term-new]"),
+       N_("git bisect--helper --bisect start [--term-{old,good}=<term> 
--term-{new,bad}=<term>]"
+                                             "[--no-checkout] [<bad> 
[<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]"),
        NULL
 };
 
@@ -431,6 +434,244 @@ static int bisect_terms(struct bisect_terms *terms, const 
char **argv, int argc)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static int bisect_start(struct bisect_terms *terms, int no_checkout,
+                       const char **argv, int argc)
+{
+       int i, has_double_dash = 0, must_write_terms = 0, bad_seen = 0;
+       int flags, pathspec_pos;
+       struct string_list revs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+       struct string_list states = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+       struct strbuf start_head = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct strbuf bisect_names = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct strbuf orig_args = STRBUF_INIT;
+       const char *head;
+       unsigned char sha1[20];
+       FILE *fp;
+       struct object_id oid;
+
+       if (is_bare_repository())
+               no_checkout = 1;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+               char *commit_id = xstrfmt("%s^{commit}", argv[i]);
+               if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
+                       has_double_dash = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-checkout"))
+                       no_checkout = 1;
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--term-good") ||
+                        !strcmp(argv[i], "--term-old")) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_good);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_good, argv[++i]);
+               }
+               else if (skip_prefix(argv[i], "--term-good=", &argv[i])) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_good);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_good, argv[i]);
+               }
+               else if (skip_prefix(argv[i], "--term-old=", &argv[i])) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_good);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_good, argv[i]);
+               }
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--term-bad") ||
+                        !strcmp(argv[i], "--term-new")) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_bad);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_bad, argv[++i]);
+               }
+               else if (skip_prefix(argv[i], "--term-bad=", &argv[i])) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_bad);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_bad, argv[i]);
+               }
+               else if (skip_prefix(argv[i], "--term-new=", &argv[i])) {
+                       must_write_terms = 1;
+                       strbuf_reset(&terms->term_good);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&terms->term_good, argv[i]);
+               }
+               else if (starts_with(argv[i], "--") &&
+                        !one_of(argv[i], "--term-good", "--term-bad", NULL)) {
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       die(_("unrecognised option: '%s'"), argv[i]);
+               }
+               else if (get_oid(argv[i], &oid) && !has_double_dash) {
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       free(commit_id);
+                       die(_("'%s' does not appear to be a valid revision"), 
argv[i]);
+               }
+               else {
+                       free(commit_id);
+                       string_list_append(&revs, oid_to_hex(&oid));
+               }
+       }
+       pathspec_pos = i;
+
+       /*
+        * The user ran "git bisect start <sha1> <sha1>", hence did not
+        * explicitly specify the terms, but we are already starting to
+        * set references named with the default terms, and won't be able
+        * to change afterwards.
+        */
+       must_write_terms |= !!revs.nr;
+       for (i = 0; i < revs.nr; i++) {
+               if (bad_seen)
+                       string_list_append(&states, terms->term_good.buf);
+               else {
+                       bad_seen = 1;
+                       string_list_append(&states, terms->term_bad.buf);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Verify HEAD
+        */
+       head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, sha1, &flags);
+       if (!head) {
+               if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1)) {
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       die(_("Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"));
+               }
+       }
+       if (!is_empty_or_missing_file(git_path_bisect_start())) {
+               /* Reset to the rev from where we started */
+               strbuf_read_file(&start_head, git_path_bisect_start(), 0);
+               strbuf_trim(&start_head);
+               if (!no_checkout) {
+                       struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+                       argv_array_pushl(&argv, "checkout", start_head.buf,
+                                        "--", NULL);
+                       if (run_command_v_opt(argv.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
+                               error(_("checking out '%s' failed. Try 'git "
+                                       "bisect start <valid-branch>'."),
+                                     start_head.buf);
+                               strbuf_release(&start_head);
+                               string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                               string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (starts_with(head, "refs/heads/") ||
+                   !get_oid_hex(head, &oid) || ref_exists(head)) {
+                       /*
+                        * This error message should only be triggered by
+                        * cogito usage, and cogito users should understand
+                        * it relates to cg-seek.
+                        */
+                       if (!is_empty_or_missing_file(git_path_head_name())) {
+                               strbuf_release(&start_head);
+                               string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                               string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                               die(_("won't bisect on cg-seek'ed tree"));
+                       }
+                       if (starts_with(head, "refs/heads/")) {
+                               strbuf_reset(&start_head);
+                               strbuf_addstr(&start_head, head + 11);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               strbuf_reset(&start_head);
+                               strbuf_addstr(&start_head, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       strbuf_release(&start_head);
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       die(_("Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"));
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Get rid of any old bisect state.
+        */
+       if (bisect_clean_state()) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+       /*
+        * In case of mistaken revs or checkout error, or signals received,
+        * "bisect_auto_next" below may exit or misbehave.
+        * We have to trap this to be able to clean up using
+        * "bisect_clean_state".
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * Write new start state
+        */
+       if (write_file(git_path_bisect_start(), "%s\n", start_head.buf)) {
+               bisect_clean_state();
+               strbuf_release(&start_head);
+               string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+               string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if (no_checkout) {
+               get_oid(start_head.buf, &oid);
+               if (update_ref(NULL, "BISECT_HEAD", oid.hash, NULL, 0,
+                              UPDATE_REFS_MSG_ON_ERR)) {
+                       bisect_clean_state();
+                       strbuf_release(&start_head);
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+       strbuf_release(&start_head);
+
+       if (pathspec_pos < argc - 1)
+               sq_quote_argv(&bisect_names, argv + pathspec_pos, 0);
+       write_file(git_path_bisect_names(), "%s\n", bisect_names.buf);
+       strbuf_release(&bisect_names);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < states.nr; i++) {
+               if (bisect_write(states.items[i].string,
+                                 revs.items[i].string, terms, 1)) {
+                       bisect_clean_state();
+                       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+                       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+       string_list_clear(&revs, 0);
+       string_list_clear(&states, 0);
+
+       if (must_write_terms)
+               if (write_terms(terms->term_bad.buf, terms->term_good.buf)) {
+                       bisect_clean_state();
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+       fp = fopen(git_path_bisect_log(), "a");
+       if (!fp) {
+               bisect_clean_state();
+               return -1;
+       }
+       if (fprintf(fp, "git bisect start") < 1) {
+               bisect_clean_state();
+               return -1;
+       }
+       sq_quote_argv(&orig_args, argv, 0);
+       if (fprintf(fp, "%s", orig_args.buf) < 0) {
+               bisect_clean_state();
+               strbuf_release(&orig_args);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       strbuf_release(&orig_args);
+       if (fprintf(fp, "\n") < 1) {
+               fclose(fp);
+               bisect_clean_state();
+               return -1;
+       }
+       fclose(fp);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
        enum {
@@ -442,7 +683,8 @@ int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
                BISECT_WRITE,
                CHECK_AND_SET_TERMS,
                BISECT_NEXT_CHECK,
-               BISECT_TERMS
+               BISECT_TERMS,
+               BISECT_START
        } cmdmode = 0;
        int no_checkout = 0, res = 0;
        struct option options[] = {
@@ -464,6 +706,8 @@ int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
                         N_("check whether bad or good terms exist"), 
BISECT_NEXT_CHECK),
                OPT_CMDMODE(0, "bisect-terms", &cmdmode,
                         N_("print out the bisect terms"), BISECT_TERMS),
+               OPT_CMDMODE(0, "bisect-start", &cmdmode,
+                        N_("start the bisect session"), BISECT_START),
                OPT_BOOL(0, "no-checkout", &no_checkout,
                         N_("update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the 
current commit")),
                OPT_END()
@@ -472,7 +716,8 @@ int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
        bisect_terms_init(&terms);
 
        argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
-                            git_bisect_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+                            git_bisect_helper_usage,
+                            PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
 
        if (!cmdmode)
                usage_with_options(git_bisect_helper_usage, options);
@@ -526,6 +771,11 @@ int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const 
char *prefix)
                        die(_("--bisect-terms requires 0 or 1 argument"));
                res = bisect_terms(&terms, argv, argc);
                break;
+       case BISECT_START:
+               strbuf_addstr(&terms.term_good, "good");
+               strbuf_addstr(&terms.term_bad, "bad");
+               res = bisect_start(&terms, no_checkout, argv, argc);
+               break;
        default:
                die("BUG: unknown subcommand '%d'", cmdmode);
        }
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index aea97c5f..ee504ca 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -72,122 +72,7 @@ bisect_autostart() {
 }
 
 bisect_start() {
-       #
-       # Check for one bad and then some good revisions.
-       #
-       has_double_dash=0
-       for arg; do
-               case "$arg" in --) has_double_dash=1; break ;; esac
-       done
-       orig_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")
-       bad_seen=0
-       eval=''
-       must_write_terms=0
-       revs=''
-       if test "z$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository)" != zfalse
-       then
-               mode=--no-checkout
-       else
-               mode=''
-       fi
-       while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
-               arg="$1"
-               case "$arg" in
-               --)
-                       shift
-                       break
-               ;;
-               --no-checkout)
-                       mode=--no-checkout
-                       shift ;;
-               --term-good|--term-old)
-                       shift
-                       must_write_terms=1
-                       TERM_GOOD=$1
-                       shift ;;
-               --term-good=*|--term-old=*)
-                       must_write_terms=1
-                       TERM_GOOD=${1#*=}
-                       shift ;;
-               --term-bad|--term-new)
-                       shift
-                       must_write_terms=1
-                       TERM_BAD=$1
-                       shift ;;
-               --term-bad=*|--term-new=*)
-                       must_write_terms=1
-                       TERM_BAD=${1#*=}
-                       shift ;;
-               --*)
-                       die "$(eval_gettext "unrecognised option: '\$arg'")" ;;
-               *)
-                       rev=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$arg^{commit}") || {
-                               test $has_double_dash -eq 1 &&
-                               die "$(eval_gettext "'\$arg' does not appear to 
be a valid revision")"
-                               break
-                       }
-                       revs="$revs $rev"
-                       shift
-                       ;;
-               esac
-       done
-
-       for rev in $revs
-       do
-               # The user ran "git bisect start <sha1>
-               # <sha1>", hence did not explicitly specify
-               # the terms, but we are already starting to
-               # set references named with the default terms,
-               # and won't be able to change afterwards.
-               must_write_terms=1
-
-               case $bad_seen in
-               0) state=$TERM_BAD ; bad_seen=1 ;;
-               *) state=$TERM_GOOD ;;
-               esac
-               eval="$eval git bisect--helper --bisect-write '$state' '$rev' 
'$TERM_GOOD' '$TERM_BAD' 'nolog' &&"
-       done
-       #
-       # Verify HEAD.
-       #
-       head=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git symbolic-ref -q HEAD) ||
-       head=$(GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR" git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
-       die "$(gettext "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD")"
-
-       #
-       # Check if we are bisecting.
-       #
-       start_head=''
-       if test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START"
-       then
-               # Reset to the rev from where we started.
-               start_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START")
-               if test "z$mode" != "z--no-checkout"
-               then
-                       git checkout "$start_head" -- ||
-                       die "$(eval_gettext "Checking out '\$start_head' 
failed. Try 'git bisect reset <valid-branch>'.")"
-               fi
-       else
-               # Get rev from where we start.
-               case "$head" in
-               refs/heads/*|$_x40)
-                       # This error message should only be triggered by
-                       # cogito usage, and cogito users should understand
-                       # it relates to cg-seek.
-                       [ -s "$GIT_DIR/head-name" ] &&
-                               die "$(gettext "won't bisect on cg-seek'ed 
tree")"
-                       start_head="${head#refs/heads/}"
-                       ;;
-               *)
-                       die "$(gettext "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref")"
-                       ;;
-               esac
-       fi
-
-       #
-       # Get rid of any old bisect state.
-       #
-       git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state || exit
+       git bisect--helper --bisect-start $@ || exit
 
        #
        # Change state.
@@ -198,24 +83,10 @@ bisect_start() {
        #
        trap 'git bisect--helper --bisect-clean-state' 0
        trap 'exit 255' 1 2 3 15
-
-       #
-       # Write new start state.
-       #
-       echo "$start_head" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" && {
-               test "z$mode" != "z--no-checkout" ||
-               git update-ref --no-deref BISECT_HEAD "$start_head"
-       } &&
-       git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
-       eval "$eval true" &&
-       if test $must_write_terms -eq 1
-       then
-               git bisect--helper --write-terms "$TERM_BAD" "$TERM_GOOD"
-       fi &&
-       echo "git bisect start$orig_args" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" || exit
        #
        # Check if we can proceed to the next bisect state.
        #
+       get_terms
        bisect_auto_next
 
        trap '-' 0

--
https://github.com/git/git/pull/281
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