Refactor, into a common function, the version and capability negotiation
done when invoking a long-running process as a clean or smudge filter.
This will be useful for other Git code that needs to interact similarly
with a long-running process.

As you can see in the change to t0021, this commit changes the error
message reported when the long-running process does not introduce itself
with the expected "server"-terminated line. Originally, the error
message reports that the filter "does not support filter protocol
version 2", differentiating between the old single-file filter protocol
and the new multi-file filter protocol - I have updated it to something
more generic and useful.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathanta...@google.com>
---
 convert.c             |  75 ++++--------------------------------
 pkt-line.c            |  19 ----------
 pkt-line.h            |   2 -
 sub-process.c         | 103 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 sub-process.h         |  26 +++++++++++++
 t/t0021-conversion.sh |   2 +-
 6 files changed, 137 insertions(+), 90 deletions(-)

diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index dbdbb24e4..1012462e3 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -513,78 +513,17 @@ static struct hashmap subprocess_map;
 
 static int start_multi_file_filter_fn(struct subprocess_entry *subprocess)
 {
-       int err, i;
-       struct cmd2process *entry = (struct cmd2process *)subprocess;
-       struct string_list cap_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
-       char *cap_buf;
-       const char *cap_name;
-       struct child_process *process = &subprocess->process;
-       const char *cmd = subprocess->cmd;
-
-       static const struct {
-               const char *name;
-               unsigned int cap;
-       } known_caps[] = {
+       static int versions[] = {2, 0};
+       static struct subprocess_capability capabilities[] = {
                { "clean",  CAP_CLEAN  },
                { "smudge", CAP_SMUDGE },
                { "delay",  CAP_DELAY  },
+               { NULL, 0 }
        };
-
-       sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-
-       err = packet_writel(process->in, "git-filter-client", "version=2", 
NULL);
-       if (err)
-               goto done;
-
-       err = strcmp(packet_read_line(process->out, NULL), "git-filter-server");
-       if (err) {
-               error("external filter '%s' does not support filter protocol 
version 2", cmd);
-               goto done;
-       }
-       err = strcmp(packet_read_line(process->out, NULL), "version=2");
-       if (err)
-               goto done;
-       err = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL) != NULL;
-       if (err)
-               goto done;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(known_caps); ++i) {
-               err = packet_write_fmt_gently(
-                       process->in, "capability=%s\n", known_caps[i].name);
-               if (err)
-                       goto done;
-       }
-       err = packet_flush_gently(process->in);
-       if (err)
-               goto done;
-
-       for (;;) {
-               cap_buf = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL);
-               if (!cap_buf)
-                       break;
-               string_list_split_in_place(&cap_list, cap_buf, '=', 1);
-
-               if (cap_list.nr != 2 || strcmp(cap_list.items[0].string, 
"capability"))
-                       continue;
-
-               cap_name = cap_list.items[1].string;
-               i = ARRAY_SIZE(known_caps) - 1;
-               while (i >= 0 && strcmp(cap_name, known_caps[i].name))
-                       i--;
-
-               if (i >= 0)
-                       entry->supported_capabilities |= known_caps[i].cap;
-               else
-                       warning("external filter '%s' requested unsupported 
filter capability '%s'",
-                       cmd, cap_name);
-
-               string_list_clear(&cap_list, 0);
-       }
-
-done:
-       sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
-
-       return err;
+       struct cmd2process *entry = (struct cmd2process *)subprocess;
+       return subprocess_handshake(subprocess, "git-filter", versions, NULL,
+                                   capabilities,
+                                   &entry->supported_capabilities);
 }
 
 static void handle_filter_error(const struct strbuf *filter_status,
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index 9d845ecc3..7db911957 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -171,25 +171,6 @@ int packet_write_fmt_gently(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
        return status;
 }
 
-int packet_writel(int fd, const char *line, ...)
-{
-       va_list args;
-       int err;
-       va_start(args, line);
-       for (;;) {
-               if (!line)
-                       break;
-               if (strlen(line) > LARGE_PACKET_DATA_MAX)
-                       return -1;
-               err = packet_write_fmt_gently(fd, "%s\n", line);
-               if (err)
-                       return err;
-               line = va_arg(args, const char*);
-       }
-       va_end(args);
-       return packet_flush_gently(fd);
-}
-
 static int packet_write_gently(const int fd_out, const char *buf, size_t size)
 {
        static char packet_write_buffer[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
diff --git a/pkt-line.h b/pkt-line.h
index 450183b64..66ef610fc 100644
--- a/pkt-line.h
+++ b/pkt-line.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@ void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf);
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...) 
__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 int packet_flush_gently(int fd);
 int packet_write_fmt_gently(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) 
__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
-LAST_ARG_MUST_BE_NULL
-int packet_writel(int fd, const char *line, ...);
 int write_packetized_from_fd(int fd_in, int fd_out);
 int write_packetized_from_buf(const char *src_in, size_t len, int fd_out);
 
diff --git a/sub-process.c b/sub-process.c
index 6cbffa440..37b4bd0ad 100644
--- a/sub-process.c
+++ b/sub-process.c
@@ -108,3 +108,106 @@ int subprocess_start(struct hashmap *hashmap, struct 
subprocess_entry *entry, co
        hashmap_add(hashmap, entry);
        return 0;
 }
+
+static int handshake_version(struct child_process *process,
+                            const char *welcome_prefix, int *versions,
+                            int *chosen_version)
+{
+       int version_scratch;
+       int i;
+       char *line;
+       const char *p;
+
+       if (!chosen_version)
+               chosen_version = &version_scratch;
+
+       if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "%s-client\n",
+                                   welcome_prefix))
+               return error("Could not write client identification");
+       for (i = 0; versions[i]; i++) {
+               if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "version=%d\n",
+                                           versions[i]))
+                       return error("Could not write requested version");
+       }
+       if (packet_flush_gently(process->in))
+               return error("Could not write flush packet");
+
+       if (!(line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)) ||
+           !skip_prefix(line, welcome_prefix, &p) ||
+           strcmp(p, "-server"))
+               return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected %s-server",
+                            line ? line : "<flush packet>", welcome_prefix);
+       if (!(line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)) ||
+           !skip_prefix(line, "version=", &p) ||
+           strtol_i(p, 10, chosen_version))
+               return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected version",
+                            line ? line : "<flush packet>");
+       if ((line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL)))
+               return error("Unexpected line '%s', expected flush", line);
+
+       /* Check to make sure that the version received is supported */
+       for (i = 0; versions[i]; i++) {
+               if (versions[i] == *chosen_version)
+                       break;
+       }
+       if (!versions[i])
+               return error("Version %d not supported", *chosen_version);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int handshake_capabilities(struct child_process *process,
+                                 struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+                                 unsigned int *supported_capabilities)
+{
+       int i;
+       char *line;
+
+       for (i = 0; capabilities[i].name; i++) {
+               if (packet_write_fmt_gently(process->in, "capability=%s\n",
+                                           capabilities[i].name))
+                       return error("Could not write requested capability");
+       }
+       if (packet_flush_gently(process->in))
+               return error("Could not write flush packet");
+
+       while ((line = packet_read_line(process->out, NULL))) {
+               const char *p;
+               if (!skip_prefix(line, "capability=", &p))
+                       continue;
+
+               for (i = 0;
+                    capabilities[i].name && strcmp(p, capabilities[i].name);
+                    i++)
+                       ;
+               if (capabilities[i].name) {
+                       if (supported_capabilities)
+                               *supported_capabilities |= capabilities[i].flag;
+               } else {
+                       warning("external filter requested unsupported filter 
capability '%s'",
+                               p);
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int subprocess_handshake(struct subprocess_entry *entry,
+                        const char *welcome_prefix,
+                        int *versions,
+                        int *chosen_version,
+                        struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+                        unsigned int *supported_capabilities) {
+       int retval;
+       struct child_process *process = &entry->process;
+
+       sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+       retval = handshake_version(process, welcome_prefix, versions,
+                                  chosen_version) ||
+                handshake_capabilities(process, capabilities,
+                                       supported_capabilities);
+
+       sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+       return retval;
+}
diff --git a/sub-process.h b/sub-process.h
index d37c1499a..6857eb1b5 100644
--- a/sub-process.h
+++ b/sub-process.h
@@ -29,6 +29,16 @@ struct subprocess_entry {
        struct child_process process;
 };
 
+struct subprocess_capability {
+       const char *name;
+
+       /*
+        * subprocess_handshake will "|=" this value to supported_capabilities
+        * if the server reports that it supports this capability.
+        */
+       unsigned int flag;
+};
+
 /* subprocess functions */
 
 /* Function to test two subprocess hashmap entries for equality. */
@@ -62,6 +72,22 @@ static inline struct child_process 
*subprocess_get_child_process(
        return &entry->process;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Perform the version and capability negotiation as described in the "Long
+ * Running Filter Process" section of the gitattributes documentation using the
+ * given requested versions and capabilities. The "versions" and "capabilities"
+ * parameters are arrays terminated by a 0 or blank struct.
+ *
+ * This function is typically called when a subprocess is started (as part of
+ * the "startfn" passed to subprocess_start).
+ */
+int subprocess_handshake(struct subprocess_entry *entry,
+                        const char *welcome_prefix,
+                        int *versions,
+                        int *chosen_version,
+                        struct subprocess_capability *capabilities,
+                        unsigned int *supported_capabilities);
+
 /*
  * Helper function that will read packets looking for "status=<foo>"
  * key/value pairs and return the value from the last "status" packet
diff --git a/t/t0021-conversion.sh b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
index eb3d83744..46f8e583c 100755
--- a/t/t0021-conversion.sh
+++ b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ test_expect_success PERL 'invalid process filter must fail 
(and not hang!)' '
 
                cp "$TEST_ROOT/test.o" test.r &&
                test_must_fail git add . 2>git-stderr.log &&
-               grep "does not support filter protocol version" git-stderr.log
+               grep "expected git-filter-server" git-stderr.log
        )
 '
 
-- 
2.14.0.rc0.400.g1c36432dff-goog

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