MingyuZhong commented on a change in pull request #8266:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/8266#discussion_r494673844



##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/basic_decimal.cc
##########
@@ -248,40 +247,50 @@ BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator>>=(uint32_t 
bits) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
-  // Break the left and right numbers into 32 bit chunks
-  // so that we can multiply them without overflow.
-  const uint64_t L0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t L2 = low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L3 = low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+namespace {
+
+void extendAndMultiplyUint64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* 
lo) {
+  const uint64_t x_lo = x & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t y_lo = y & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t x_hi = x >> 32;
+  const uint64_t y_hi = y >> 32;
 
-  const uint64_t R0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t R2 = right.low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R3 = right.low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t = x_lo * y_lo;
+  const uint64_t t_lo = t & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t_hi = t >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t product = L3 * R3;
-  low_bits_ = product & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u = x_hi * y_lo + t_hi;
+  const uint64_t u_lo = u & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u_hi = u >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t sum = product >> 32;
+  const uint64_t v = x_lo * y_hi + u_lo;
+  const uint64_t v_hi = v >> 32;
 
-  product = L2 * R3;
-  sum += product;
-  high_bits_ = static_cast<int64_t>(sum < product ? kCarryBit : 0);
+  *hi = x_hi * y_hi + u_hi + v_hi;
+  *lo = (v << 32) + t_lo;
+}
 
-  product = L3 * R2;
-  sum += product;
+void multiplyUint128(uint64_t x_hi, uint64_t x_lo, uint64_t y_hi, uint64_t 
y_lo,
+                     uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* lo) {
+  extendAndMultiplyUint64(x_lo, y_lo, hi, lo);
+  *hi += (x_hi * y_lo) + (x_lo * y_hi);
+}
 
-  low_bits_ += sum << 32;
+}  // namespace
 
-  if (sum < product) {
-    high_bits_ += kCarryBit;
+BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
+  // Since the max value of BasicDecimal128 is supposed to be 1e38 - 1 and the
+  // min the negation taking the absolute values here should always be safe.
+  const bool negate = Sign() != right.Sign();
+  BasicDecimal128 x = BasicDecimal128::Abs(*this);
+  BasicDecimal128 y = BasicDecimal128::Abs(right);
+  uint64_t hi;
+  multiplyUint128(x.high_bits(), x.low_bits(), y.high_bits(), y.low_bits(), 
&hi,

Review comment:
       Why not pass &high_bits_ directly to multiplyUint128?

##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/basic_decimal.cc
##########
@@ -248,40 +247,50 @@ BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator>>=(uint32_t 
bits) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
-  // Break the left and right numbers into 32 bit chunks
-  // so that we can multiply them without overflow.
-  const uint64_t L0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t L2 = low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L3 = low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+namespace {
+
+void extendAndMultiplyUint64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* 
lo) {

Review comment:
       Upper case initial "E", for consistency with the existing global 
functions?

##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/basic_decimal.cc
##########
@@ -248,40 +247,50 @@ BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator>>=(uint32_t 
bits) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
-  // Break the left and right numbers into 32 bit chunks
-  // so that we can multiply them without overflow.
-  const uint64_t L0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t L2 = low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L3 = low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+namespace {
+
+void extendAndMultiplyUint64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* 
lo) {
+  const uint64_t x_lo = x & kIntMask;

Review comment:
       I think we can add an optimization:
   
   ```
   #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
     // use __uint128_t
   #else
     // fallback to current logic
   #endif
   ```
   Please also run the micro benchmark a few times (the results of the first 
few runs after compilation are usually noisy).

##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/basic_decimal.cc
##########
@@ -248,40 +247,50 @@ BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator>>=(uint32_t 
bits) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
-  // Break the left and right numbers into 32 bit chunks
-  // so that we can multiply them without overflow.
-  const uint64_t L0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t L2 = low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L3 = low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+namespace {
+
+void extendAndMultiplyUint64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* 
lo) {
+  const uint64_t x_lo = x & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t y_lo = y & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t x_hi = x >> 32;
+  const uint64_t y_hi = y >> 32;
 
-  const uint64_t R0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t R2 = right.low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R3 = right.low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t = x_lo * y_lo;
+  const uint64_t t_lo = t & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t_hi = t >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t product = L3 * R3;
-  low_bits_ = product & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u = x_hi * y_lo + t_hi;
+  const uint64_t u_lo = u & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u_hi = u >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t sum = product >> 32;
+  const uint64_t v = x_lo * y_hi + u_lo;
+  const uint64_t v_hi = v >> 32;
 
-  product = L2 * R3;
-  sum += product;
-  high_bits_ = static_cast<int64_t>(sum < product ? kCarryBit : 0);
+  *hi = x_hi * y_hi + u_hi + v_hi;
+  *lo = (v << 32) + t_lo;
+}
 
-  product = L3 * R2;
-  sum += product;
+void multiplyUint128(uint64_t x_hi, uint64_t x_lo, uint64_t y_hi, uint64_t 
y_lo,
+                     uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* lo) {
+  extendAndMultiplyUint64(x_lo, y_lo, hi, lo);
+  *hi += (x_hi * y_lo) + (x_lo * y_hi);

Review comment:
       We can also apply the same optimization here.

##########
File path: cpp/src/arrow/util/basic_decimal.cc
##########
@@ -248,40 +247,50 @@ BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator>>=(uint32_t 
bits) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-BasicDecimal128& BasicDecimal128::operator*=(const BasicDecimal128& right) {
-  // Break the left and right numbers into 32 bit chunks
-  // so that we can multiply them without overflow.
-  const uint64_t L0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t L2 = low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t L3 = low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+namespace {
+
+void extendAndMultiplyUint64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y, uint64_t* hi, uint64_t* 
lo) {
+  const uint64_t x_lo = x & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t y_lo = y & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t x_hi = x >> 32;
+  const uint64_t y_hi = y >> 32;
 
-  const uint64_t R0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(right.high_bits_) & kIntMask;
-  const uint64_t R2 = right.low_bits_ >> 32;
-  const uint64_t R3 = right.low_bits_ & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t = x_lo * y_lo;
+  const uint64_t t_lo = t & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t t_hi = t >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t product = L3 * R3;
-  low_bits_ = product & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u = x_hi * y_lo + t_hi;
+  const uint64_t u_lo = u & kIntMask;
+  const uint64_t u_hi = u >> 32;
 
-  uint64_t sum = product >> 32;
+  const uint64_t v = x_lo * y_hi + u_lo;
+  const uint64_t v_hi = v >> 32;
 
-  product = L2 * R3;
-  sum += product;
-  high_bits_ = static_cast<int64_t>(sum < product ? kCarryBit : 0);
+  *hi = x_hi * y_hi + u_hi + v_hi;
+  *lo = (v << 32) + t_lo;
+}
 
-  product = L3 * R2;
-  sum += product;
+void multiplyUint128(uint64_t x_hi, uint64_t x_lo, uint64_t y_hi, uint64_t 
y_lo,

Review comment:
       MultiplyUint128?




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