tustvold commented on code in PR #3961:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/3961#discussion_r1150824930


##########
arrow-cast/src/cast.rs:
##########
@@ -3390,6 +3405,67 @@ fn cast_binary_to_string<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
     }
 }
 
+/// Helper function to cast from one `BinaryArray` or 'LargeBinaryArray' to 
'FixedSizeBinaryArray'.
+fn cast_binary_to_fixed_size_binary<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
+    array: &dyn Array,
+    byte_width: i32,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError> {
+    let array = array
+        .as_any()
+        .downcast_ref::<GenericBinaryArray<O>>()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let mut builder = FixedSizeBinaryBuilder::with_capacity(array.len(), 
byte_width);
+
+    for i in 0..array.len() {
+        if array.is_null(i) {
+            builder.append_null();
+        } else {
+            builder.append_value(array.value(i))?;

Review Comment:
   I think this should handle `CastOptions::safe` and insert nulls instead of 
erroring if `safe = true`



##########
arrow-cast/src/cast.rs:
##########
@@ -3390,6 +3405,67 @@ fn cast_binary_to_string<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
     }
 }
 
+/// Helper function to cast from one `BinaryArray` or 'LargeBinaryArray' to 
'FixedSizeBinaryArray'.
+fn cast_binary_to_fixed_size_binary<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
+    array: &dyn Array,
+    byte_width: i32,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError> {
+    let array = array
+        .as_any()
+        .downcast_ref::<GenericBinaryArray<O>>()
+        .unwrap();

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
       let array = array.as_binary::<O>();
   ```



##########
arrow-cast/src/cast.rs:
##########
@@ -3390,6 +3405,67 @@ fn cast_binary_to_string<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
     }
 }
 
+/// Helper function to cast from one `BinaryArray` or 'LargeBinaryArray' to 
'FixedSizeBinaryArray'.
+fn cast_binary_to_fixed_size_binary<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
+    array: &dyn Array,
+    byte_width: i32,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError> {
+    let array = array
+        .as_any()
+        .downcast_ref::<GenericBinaryArray<O>>()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let mut builder = FixedSizeBinaryBuilder::with_capacity(array.len(), 
byte_width);
+
+    for i in 0..array.len() {
+        if array.is_null(i) {
+            builder.append_null();
+        } else {
+            builder.append_value(array.value(i))?;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(Arc::new(builder.finish()))
+}
+
+/// Helper function to cast from 'FixedSizeBinaryArray' to one `BinaryArray` 
or 'LargeBinaryArray'.
+/// If the target one is too large for the source array it will return an 
Error.
+fn cast_fixed_size_binary_to_binary<O: OffsetSizeTrait>(
+    array: &dyn Array,
+    to_type: &DataType,
+    byte_width: i32,
+) -> Result<ArrayRef, ArrowError> {
+    let array = array
+        .as_any()
+        .downcast_ref::<FixedSizeBinaryArray>()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let offsets: i128 = byte_width as i128 * array.len() as i128;
+
+    let is_binary = matches!(to_type, DataType::Binary);

Review Comment:
   Could we change this to match on `GenericBinaryType<O>::DATA_TYPE` instead



##########
arrow-cast/src/cast.rs:
##########
@@ -5295,6 +5371,72 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_cast_binary_to_fixed_size_binary() {
+        let bytes_1 = "Hiiii".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(BinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as ArrayRef;
+        let a2 = Arc::new(LargeBinaryArray::from(binary_data)) as ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5)).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = array_ref
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<FixedSizeBinaryArray>()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes_1, down_cast.value(0));
+        assert_eq!(bytes_2, down_cast.value(1));
+        assert!(down_cast.is_null(2));
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a2, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5)).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = array_ref
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<FixedSizeBinaryArray>()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes_1, down_cast.value(0));
+        assert_eq!(bytes_2, down_cast.value(1));
+        assert!(down_cast.is_null(2));
+
+        // test error cases when the length of binary are not same
+        let bytes_1 = "Hi".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(BinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as ArrayRef;
+        let a2 = Arc::new(LargeBinaryArray::from(binary_data)) as ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5));
+        assert!(array_ref.is_err());
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a2, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5));
+        assert!(array_ref.is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_fixed_size_binary_to_binary() {
+        let bytes_1 = "Hiiii".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(FixedSizeBinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as 
ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::Binary).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = 
array_ref.as_any().downcast_ref::<BinaryArray>().unwrap();

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
           let down_cast = array_ref.as_binary::<i32>();
   ```



##########
arrow-cast/src/cast.rs:
##########
@@ -5295,6 +5371,72 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_cast_binary_to_fixed_size_binary() {
+        let bytes_1 = "Hiiii".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(BinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as ArrayRef;
+        let a2 = Arc::new(LargeBinaryArray::from(binary_data)) as ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5)).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = array_ref
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<FixedSizeBinaryArray>()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes_1, down_cast.value(0));
+        assert_eq!(bytes_2, down_cast.value(1));
+        assert!(down_cast.is_null(2));
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a2, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5)).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = array_ref
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<FixedSizeBinaryArray>()
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes_1, down_cast.value(0));
+        assert_eq!(bytes_2, down_cast.value(1));
+        assert!(down_cast.is_null(2));
+
+        // test error cases when the length of binary are not same
+        let bytes_1 = "Hi".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(BinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as ArrayRef;
+        let a2 = Arc::new(LargeBinaryArray::from(binary_data)) as ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5));
+        assert!(array_ref.is_err());
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a2, &DataType::FixedSizeBinary(5));
+        assert!(array_ref.is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_fixed_size_binary_to_binary() {
+        let bytes_1 = "Hiiii".as_bytes();
+        let bytes_2 = "Hello".as_bytes();
+
+        let binary_data = vec![Some(bytes_1), Some(bytes_2), None];
+        let a1 = Arc::new(FixedSizeBinaryArray::from(binary_data.clone())) as 
ArrayRef;
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::Binary).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = 
array_ref.as_any().downcast_ref::<BinaryArray>().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bytes_1, down_cast.value(0));
+        assert_eq!(bytes_2, down_cast.value(1));
+        assert!(down_cast.is_null(2));
+
+        let array_ref = cast(&a1, &DataType::LargeBinary).unwrap();
+        let down_cast = array_ref
+            .as_any()
+            .downcast_ref::<LargeBinaryArray>()
+            .unwrap();

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
           let down_cast = array_ref.as_binary::<i64>();
   ```



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