Copilot commented on code in PR #1378:
URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow-java/pull/1378#discussion_r4326217682


##########
flight/flight-sql-jdbc-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/driver/jdbc/converter/impl/DecimalParameterCoercer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.arrow.driver.jdbc.converter.impl;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.RoundingMode;
+import org.apache.calcite.avatica.remote.TypedValue;
+
+/**
+ * Widens Avatica {@link TypedValue}s bound to DECIMAL parameters to {@link 
BigDecimal}, so calls
+ * like {@code setDouble} against an Arrow {@code Decimal} parameter bind 
instead of throwing.
+ */
+final class DecimalParameterCoercer {
+
+  private DecimalParameterCoercer() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the {@link BigDecimal} value of a {@link TypedValue} bound to a 
DECIMAL parameter,
+   * scaled to what the target vector stores.
+   *
+   * <p>A value is scaled rather than rejected on a mismatch: the client sent 
the number it had, and
+   * the column's scale is what it has to fit. Rounding is HALF_UP, as {@code 
setBigDecimal} does.
+   */
+  static BigDecimal toBigDecimal(TypedValue typedValue, int scale) {
+    return widen(typedValue).setScale(scale, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
+  }
+
+  private static BigDecimal widen(TypedValue typedValue) {
+    final Object local = typedValue.toLocal();
+    if (local instanceof BigDecimal) {
+      return (BigDecimal) local;
+    }
+    if (local instanceof Double || local instanceof Float) {
+      // valueOf, not new BigDecimal(double): the constructor keeps the binary 
expansion, so 0.1
+      // arrives as 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827.
+      return BigDecimal.valueOf(((Number) local).doubleValue());
+    }

Review Comment:
   `BigDecimal.valueOf(double)` throws `NumberFormatException` for 
NaN/Infinity. This changes failure mode compared to the previous direct cast 
(which would have produced a `ClassCastException` and, per the comment below, 
be handled by `AvaticaParameterBinder` as “unsupported binding”). To preserve 
consistent error handling, explicitly detect non-finite `Double`/`Float` values 
and fail in the same way as before (e.g., by throwing `ClassCastException` or 
by delegating to the final cast path).



##########
flight/flight-sql-jdbc-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/driver/jdbc/converter/impl/DecimalAvaticaParameterConverter.java:
##########
@@ -31,9 +31,12 @@ public DecimalAvaticaParameterConverter(ArrowType.Decimal 
type) {}
 
   @Override
   public boolean bindParameter(FieldVector vector, TypedValue typedValue, int 
index) {
-    BigDecimal value = (BigDecimal) typedValue.toLocal();
     if (vector instanceof DecimalVector) {
-      ((DecimalVector) vector).setSafe(index, value);
+      DecimalVector decimalVector = (DecimalVector) vector;
+      // The vector rejects any scale but its own, so widen and scale before 
writing.
+      BigDecimal value =
+          DecimalParameterCoercer.toBigDecimal(typedValue, 
decimalVector.getScale());

Review Comment:
   The PR description references `DecimalParameterNarrower`, but the 
implementation introduces/uses `DecimalParameterCoercer`. Please align the PR 
description with the actual class name (or rename the class) so reviewers and 
future maintainers can map the change rationale to the code.



##########
flight/flight-sql-jdbc-core/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/driver/jdbc/converter/impl/DecimalParameterCoercer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.arrow.driver.jdbc.converter.impl;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.RoundingMode;
+import org.apache.calcite.avatica.remote.TypedValue;
+
+/**
+ * Widens Avatica {@link TypedValue}s bound to DECIMAL parameters to {@link 
BigDecimal}, so calls
+ * like {@code setDouble} against an Arrow {@code Decimal} parameter bind 
instead of throwing.
+ */
+final class DecimalParameterCoercer {
+
+  private DecimalParameterCoercer() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the {@link BigDecimal} value of a {@link TypedValue} bound to a 
DECIMAL parameter,
+   * scaled to what the target vector stores.
+   *
+   * <p>A value is scaled rather than rejected on a mismatch: the client sent 
the number it had, and
+   * the column's scale is what it has to fit. Rounding is HALF_UP, as {@code 
setBigDecimal} does.
+   */
+  static BigDecimal toBigDecimal(TypedValue typedValue, int scale) {
+    return widen(typedValue).setScale(scale, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);
+  }
+
+  private static BigDecimal widen(TypedValue typedValue) {
+    final Object local = typedValue.toLocal();
+    if (local instanceof BigDecimal) {
+      return (BigDecimal) local;
+    }
+    if (local instanceof Double || local instanceof Float) {
+      // valueOf, not new BigDecimal(double): the constructor keeps the binary 
expansion, so 0.1
+      // arrives as 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827.
+      return BigDecimal.valueOf(((Number) local).doubleValue());
+    }
+    if (local instanceof Number) {
+      return BigDecimal.valueOf(((Number) local).longValue());
+    }

Review Comment:
   This branch will silently truncate/overflow for `Number` implementations 
that don’t fit in `long` (notably `BigInteger`), producing an incorrect decimal 
value. Consider handling `BigInteger` explicitly (e.g., constructing a 
`BigDecimal` from it) and keeping `longValue()` only for known integral 
primitives/wrappers where truncation cannot occur.



##########
flight/flight-sql-jdbc-core/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/driver/jdbc/converter/impl/DecimalAvaticaParameterConverterTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.arrow.driver.jdbc.converter.impl;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
+import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import org.apache.arrow.driver.jdbc.utils.RootAllocatorTestExtension;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.DecimalVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.IntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
+import org.apache.calcite.avatica.ColumnMetaData;
+import org.apache.calcite.avatica.remote.TypedValue;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.RegisterExtension;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link DecimalAvaticaParameterConverter}.
+ *
+ * <p>Clients call {@code setDouble} on parameters whose Arrow type is {@code 
Decimal}. The
+ * converter must widen the Avatica reps to BigDecimal and scale them to the 
vector instead of
+ * throwing.
+ */
+public class DecimalAvaticaParameterConverterTest {
+
+  @RegisterExtension
+  public static RootAllocatorTestExtension rootAllocatorTestExtension =
+      new RootAllocatorTestExtension();
+
+  private static final int PRECISION = 38;
+  private static final int SCALE = 3;
+
+  private DecimalVector vector;
+  private DecimalAvaticaParameterConverter converter;
+
+  @BeforeEach
+  public void setUp() {
+    vector =
+        new DecimalVector(
+            "decimal_param", rootAllocatorTestExtension.getRootAllocator(), 
PRECISION, SCALE);
+    vector.allocateNew(5);
+    converter = new DecimalAvaticaParameterConverter(new 
ArrowType.Decimal(PRECISION, SCALE, 128));
+  }
+
+  @AfterEach
+  public void tearDown() {
+    vector.close();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBindDouble() {
+    // The reported shape: setDouble of 123.456 against a DECIMAL(38,3) 
parameter.
+    TypedValue typedValue = TypedValue.ofLocal(ColumnMetaData.Rep.DOUBLE, 
123.456d);

Review Comment:
   The new coercion logic introduces new edge-case behaviors for non-finite 
floating point values (NaN/Infinity) and for large numeric types (e.g., 
`BigInteger` if it can arrive via `TypedValue.toLocal()`). Adding targeted 
tests for these cases would help lock in the intended “unsupported binding” 
behavior and prevent regressions (especially given the change in exception type 
risk for NaN/Infinity).



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