Hello,
I want to use the RULES pragma and cannot get my rules to fire. Here is a
simplified example of what I'm trying.
I define my own version of foldMap for lists:
fold :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> [a] -> m
fold f = foldr mappend mempty . map f
-- alternative, trying to avoid interference with foldr/build fusion
-- fold _ [] = mempty
-- fold f (x:xs) = f x `mappend` fold f xs
{-# NOINLINE fold #-}
I try using a NOINLINE pragma to make the firing of my rules (which involve
fold) more robust. But they don't fire with or without NOINLINE. Also the
uncommented version does not make a difference.
I also define a function that creates a singleton list:
single :: a -> [a]
single x = [x]
{-# NOINLINE single #-}
Now I want to replace calls of `fold f . g single` (or eta-expanded versions
of this) by `g f` using the following rules:
{-# RULES
"monoid fusion pointfree"
forall f (g :: forall m . Monoid m => (a -> m) -> b -> m) .
fold f . g single = g f;
"monoid fusion pointed, general"
forall f (g :: forall m . Monoid m => (a -> m) -> b -> m) b .
fold f (g single b) = g f b;
"monoid fusion pointed, for lists"
forall f (g :: forall m . Monoid m => (a -> m) -> [a] -> m) xs .
fold f (g single xs) = g f xs;
#-}
The variations of type signatures (including no signatures at all) for the
pattern variables that I tried did not change anything for the better.
I wrote the third rule only because the second gives a warning that I don't
quite understand:
Warning: Forall'd type variable b is not bound in RULE lhs
fold @ m @ a $dMonoid f (g @ [a] $dMonoid (single @ a) b)
I try out the rules using the following function that takes the role of `g`
in the rules:
idGen :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> [a] -> m
idGen _ [] = mempty
idGen f (x:xs) = f x `mappend` idGen f xs
{-# NOINLINE idGen #-}
Again, I use NOINLINE just in case that would help the rules fire. Here is a
main function where the rules should fire:
main :: IO ()
main =
do print ((fold id . idGen single) [[()]])
print (fold id (idGen single [[()]]))
But they don't.
Why don't the rules fire, what can I change such that they do, and what to
get rid of the warning for the second rule (which I think is the one I
should use)?
Best regards,
Sebastian
Here is the output of -ddump-simple-stats (once with -fenable-rewrite-rules
only and once with -O):
# ghc --version
The Glorious Glasgow Haskell Compilation System, version 7.0.1
# ghc -fenable-rewrite-rules -fforce-recomp -ddump-simpl-stats --make rules
[1 of 1] Compiling Main ( rules.hs, rules.o )
==================== Grand total simplifier statistics ====================
Total ticks: 0
1 SimplifierDone
1
# ghc -O -fforce-recomp -ddump-simpl-stats --make rules
[1 of 1] Compiling Main ( rules.hs, rules.o )
==================== FloatOut stats: ====================
0 Lets floated to top level; 0 Lets floated elsewhere; from 4 Lambda groups
==================== FloatOut stats: ====================
10 Lets floated to top level; 1 Lets floated elsewhere; from 5 Lambda groups
==================== Grand total simplifier statistics ====================
Total ticks: 144
34 PreInlineUnconditionally
1 eta_Xp5
1 g_amr
1 eta_amx
1 k_amJ
1 z_amK
1 f_amQ
1 g_amR
1 x_amS
1 k_an9
1 z_ana
1 g_anb
1 f_anf
1 xs_ang
1 eta_aoA
2 $dShow_aKW
2 x_aKX
1 ys_aVd
1 c_dmm
1 n_dmn
1 a_snX
1 a_so1
1 lvl_sod
1 lvl_soe
1 lvl_sof
1 lvl_sog
1 lvl_soh
1 lvl_soi
1 lvl_soj
1 a_son
1 a_sop
1 a_sV0
1 a_sV2
17 PostInlineUnconditionally
1 k_amv
1 f_amQ
1 g_amR
1 c_ani
1 n_anj
1 m_anI
1 k_anJ
2 $dShow_aoy
2 x_aoz
1 c_aVa
1 f_aVb
1 x_aVc
1 a_snV
1 a_snZ
1 lvl_sVA
15 UnfoldingDone
1 GHC.Base.build
1 GHC.Base.foldr
2 System.IO.print
1 GHC.TopHandler.runMainIO
2 GHC.Base..
1 GHC.Base.mapFB
1 GHC.Base.$fMonadIO_$c>>
2 Main.main
2 System.IO.print1
2 GHC.Show.$fShow[]_$cshow
8 RuleFired
1 Class op >>
2 Class op show
2 Class op showList
1 fold/build
1 foldr/nil
1 map
8 LetFloatFromLet
8
62 BetaReduction
1 eta_Xp5
1 a_amq
1 g_amr
1 a_amt
1 b_amu
1 k_amv
1 z_amw
1 eta_amx
1 b_amH
1 a_amI
1 k_amJ
1 z_amK
2 b_amN
2 c_amO
2 a_amP
2 f_amQ
2 g_amR
1 x_amS
1 a_an7
1 b_an8
1 k_an9
1 z_ana
1 g_anb
1 a_and
1 a1_ane
1 f_anf
1 xs_ang
1 b_anh
1 c_ani
1 n_anj
1 a_anG
1 b_anH
1 m_anI
1 k_anJ
2 a_aox
2 $dShow_aoy
2 x_aoz
1 eta_aoA
2 a_aKV
2 $dShow_aKW
2 x_aKX
1 elt_aV7
1 lst_aV8
1 a_aV9
1 c_aVa
1 f_aVb
1 x_aVc
1 ys_aVd
1 a_dml
1 c_dmm
1 n_dmn
13 SimplifierDone
13
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