How do people do their budgeting? Budgets need planning, reporting, and
revising based on actual transactions. GnuCash reports of past transactions
can help budget and a cashbook is best positioned for reporting budget
compared to year-to-date amounts.

A monthly budget simply dividing annual income and expenses by 12  is
normally convenient for a quick look but if cash flow is really tight you
might want next-level budgeting. You can align budget periods with regular
income periods, maybe fortnightly. If you plan to use a tax refund to pay
for a holiday it is no good if the expense occurs at the start of the month
and the income is received at the end.

demo-budget.csv

Account,Bgt,Frequency,Periods,Annual
Asset,.,,,
Income,,,,
Salary,-$670.00,f,26,-17420
Expense,,,,
Electricity,$78.00,q,4,312
Groceries,$120.00,w,52,6240
Miscellaneous,$100.00,m,12,1200
Internet,$20.00,m,12,240
Phone,$45.00,m,12,540
Rent,$700.00,m,12,8400

Based on the Concepts Guide

Ideally, amounts can be budgeted for when they occur. You know exactly when
salary and rent are due and probably have a regular groceries budget. Other
things like say insurance are annual amounts. You should be able to enter
the planned date for these amounts. Provisional amounts like miscellaneous
costs or new projects can be entered for the budget periods.

A spreadsheet is really handy for this interactive process. Past
transactions can be factored up for inflation, and new transactions added.
Annual amounts can spread though the year by entering a couple of dates for
the period and dragging the amounts down, then adjusting say winter
electricity to be higher than summer.

A good budgeting program should allow the spreadsheet to be uploaded and
allocate each transaction to the budget periods. You need the ability to
zoom in on the transactions for a given period, change date and amount
details possibly in a spreadsheet, and run the budget report again using
actual year-to-date amounts or different budget periods for what has
happened and is still planned. Maybe notional transaction dates and amounts
can be adjusted to better reflect the expected amount, some of the grocery
costs held over to the next period, insurance paid monthly so the
annual premium falls due at a different time of year, or sell the
firstborn. That's the power of a cash flow budget.

It's been a while since I tried out GnuCash budgeting but it fell short of
next-level budgeting. That's when it makes a difference. What do you think?

Regards
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