I found same problem with the trace pattern (AAA... BC), like

N=4, K=10 and A=1, B=2, C=3, 
  1   4   3   2
  0   1   0   0
  0   0   2   0
  0   0   0   3 

or

N=5, K=7, and A=1, B=2, C=2, 
  1   5   2   4   3
  2   1   5   3   4
  0   0   1   0   0
  0   0   0   2   0
  0   0   0   0   2.

But weird thing is, that I *can fill rows from the bottom*. I think we need 
a mathematical proof with Hall-marriage theory, Does anybody know?


On Monday, April 6, 2020 at 9:05:20 PM UTC-4, Maverick wrote:
>
> I am unclear on the analysis of *Testset-2* of Indicium 
> <https://codingcompetitions.withgoogle.com/codejam/round/000000000019fd27/0000000000209aa0>
>  (Problem-5, 
> Qualification Round, Codejam 2020).
>
> It is all clear up until the second last paragraph, where we construct a 
> Latin square matrix out of the given diagonal. (creating a diagonal from 
> the given trace, by AAAA...AABC, where A is N-2 times, is clear). It says 
> to construct row by row, by creating a bipartite graph for each row, and 
> any possible bipartite matching of the said graph can be used as the 
> solution for the row. It also says that this greedy method for each row 
> will not lead to any problems for further rows.
>
> I tried the above method, for N=4, K=9. The diagonal for K=9 is chosen as 
> 1,1,3,4 (A=1, B=3, C=4). 
> Now for the first row, bipartite graph is created as==>
> 1 = {1}
> 2 = {2,3,4}
> 3 = {2,4}
> 4 = {2,3}
>
> The bipartite matching chosen for this is: 1-1, 2-2, 3-4, 4-3. So first 
> row becomes {1,2,4,3}.
>
> For second row, bipartite graph is created as==>
> 1 = {2,3,4}
> 2 = {1}
> 3 = {2}
> 4 = {2}
>
> No bipartite matching exists for above graph.
>
> Where am I going wrong?????
>
>

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