Carbon trading is exactly like the British Salt taxes , and will enslave every person on earth forever , forced to pay whatever the USA chooses http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_British_salt_tax_in_India#Taxation_of_salt
One of the strongest criticisms of the World Bank has been the way in which it is governed. While the World Bank represents 184 countries, it is run by a small number of economically powerful countries. These countries choose the leadership and senior management of the World Bank and as such, their interests are dominant within the bank.[23] It has also been suggested that the World Bank is an instrument for the promotion of US or Western interests in certain regions of the world. .[29] Criticisms of the structure of the World Bank refer to the fact that the President of the Bank is always a citizen of the United States, nominated by the President of the United States (though subject to the approval of the other member countries). There have been accusations that the decision-making structure is undemocratic, as the US effectively has a veto on some constitutional decisions with just over 16% of the shares in the bank;[30] moreover, decisions can only be passed with votes from countries whose shares total more than 85% of the bank's shares.[31] as the USA owns 16% of the shares in the world Bank and it needs over 85% to over turn a decision , AND the USA has the right to choose its leader CLEARLY the World Bank is completely under FULL control of the USA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank Clean Technology Fund management The World Bank has been assigned temporary management responsibility of the Clean Technology Fund (CTF), focused on making renewable energy cost-competitive with coal-fired power as quickly as possible, but this may not continue after UN's Copenhagen climate change conference in December, 2009, because of the Bank's continued investment in coal- fired power plants.[18] In the 1990s the World Bank and the IMF forged the Washington Consensus, a set of policies which included deregulation and liberalization of markets, privatization and the downscaling of government. viewable at: http://docs.google.com/View?id=dcgk9t7p_190cd2vfsdg ====================================================== About the World Bank Carbon Finance Unit http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/ENVIRONMENT/EXTCARBONFINANCE/0,,contentMDK:21841841~menuPK:4125909~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:4125853,00.html Logo The World Bank Carbon Finance Unit's (CFU) initiatives are part of the larger global effort to combat climate change, and go hand in hand with the World Bank and its Environment Department 's mission to reduce poverty and improve living standards in the developing world. The CFU uses money contributed by governments and companies in OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries to purchase project-based greenhouse gas emission reductions in developing countries and countries with economies in transition. The emission reductions are purchased through one of the CFU's carbon funds on behalf of the contributor, and within the framework of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) or Joint Implementation (JI). Unlike other World Bank development products, the CFU does not lend or grant resources to projects, but rather contracts to purchase emission reductions similar to a commercial transaction, paying for them annually or periodically once they have been verified by a third party auditor. The selling of emission reductions - or carbon finance - has been shown to increase the bankability of projects, by adding an additional revenue stream in hard currency, which reduces the risks of commercial lending or grant finance. Thus, carbon finance provides a means of leveraging new private and public investment into projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, thereby mitigating climate change while contributing to sustainable development. The Bank's carbon finance operations have demonstrated numerous opportunities for collaborating across sectors, and have served as a catalyst in bringing climate issues to bear in projects relating to rural electrification, renewable energy, energy efficiency, urban infrastructure, waste management, pollution abatement, forestry, and water resource management. The World Bank's carbon finance initiatives are an integral part of the Bank's mission to reduce poverty through its environment and energy strategies. The threat climate change poses to long-term development and the ability of the poor to escape from poverty is of particular concern to the World Bank. The impacts of climate change threaten to unravel many of the development gains of the last several decades. The Bank is therefore making every effort to ensure that developing countries can benefit from international efforts to address climate change. A vital element of this is ensuring that developing countries and economies in transition are key players in the emerging carbon market for greenhouse gas emission reductions. The role of the Bank's Carbon Finance Unit is to catalyze a global carbon market that reduces transaction costs, supports sustainable development and reaches and benefits the poorer communities of the developing world. For more information, please contact the Carbon Finance Helpdesk. Permanent URL for this page: http://go.worldbank.org/B8P2785TX0 http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/ENVIRONMENT/EXTCARBONFINANCE/0,,contentMDK:21841841~menuPK:4125909~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:4125853,00.html Frequently Asked Questions * What is Carbon Finance? * How does Carbon Finance work at the World Bank? * Why has climate change become a development issue? * Which countries are engaged in the Kyoto Protocol? * Is the CDM letting the North off the hook for their carbon reduction obligations and what’s in it for the South? * What is carbon finance? * Why do greenhouse gas emission reductions have value? * What is the World Bank’s involvement in Carbon Finance? * What specific role is the Bank playing in the development of a market for carbon trade? * Who are the beneficiaries of the Bank’s actions in carbon finance? * The Bank has created several carbon funds. How do they work? Who owns these funds? * Why do investors and governments find the World Bank Carbon Funds an attractive business proposition? * Who are the main players in the carbon market at this point in time? * What types of renewable energy projects should be eligible for carbon trade? Should the eligibility of hydropower projects for carbon trade be restricted to 10 MW? * How are the recommendations of the World Commission on Dams (WCD) addressed in World Bank projects? * Does the World Bank purchase Verified Emission Reductions (VERs), Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) or EU Allowances (EUAs)? * Top 10 things the World Bank is doing to facilitate a carbon market Leadership The President of the Bank, currently Robert B. Zoellick, is responsible for chairing the meetings of the Boards of Directors and for overall management of the Bank. Traditionally, the Bank President has always been a US citizen nominated by the United States, the largest shareholder in the bank. The nominee is subject to confirmation by the Board of Governors, to serve for a five-year, renewable term.[14] The Executive Directors, representing the Bank's member countries, make up the Board of Directors, usually meeting twice a week to oversee activities such as the approval of loans and guarantees, new policies, the administrative budget, country assistance strategies and borrowing and financing decisions. The Vice Presidents of the Bank are its principal managers, in charge of regions, sectors, networks and functions. There are 24 Vice- Presidents, three Senior Vice Presidents and two Executive Vice Presidents. viewable at: http://docs.google.com/View?id=dcgk9t7p_190cd2vfsdg --~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~ You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Green Youth Movement" group. To post to this group, send email to greenyouth@googlegroups.com To unsubscribe from this group, send email to greenyouth+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/greenyouth?hl=en-GB -~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---
