Leon Smith wrote: > With the urging and assistance of Omar AntolĂn Camarena, I will be > adding two functions to data-ordlist: mergeAll and unionAll, which > merge (or union) a potentially infinite list of potentially infinite > ordered lists, under the assumption that the heads of the non-empty > lists appear in a non-decreasing sequence. > > However, as Omar pointed out to me, the following implementation of > unionAll has a flaw: > >> unionAll :: Ord a => [[a]] -> [a] >> unionAll = foldr (\(x:xs) ys -> x : union xs ys) [] > > Namely unionAll [[1,2],[1,2]] should return [1,2], whereas it > actually returns [1,1,2]. After some work, I believe I have > generalized H. Apfelmus's algorithm to handle this; however it seems > a bit complicated. I would love feedback, especially with regard to > simplifications, bugs, testing strategies, and optimizations: > >> unionAll' :: Ord a => [[a]] -> [a] >> unionAll' = unionAllBy compare > >> data People a = VIP a (People a) | Crowd [a] > >> unionAllBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [[a]] -> [a] >> unionAllBy cmp xss = loop [ (VIP x (Crowd xs)) | (x:xs) <- xss ] >> where >> loop [] = [] >> loop ( VIP x xs : VIP y ys : xss ) >> = case cmp x y of >> LT -> x : loop ( xs : VIP y ys : xss ) >> EQ -> loop ( VIP x (union' xs ys) : unionPairs xss ) >> GT -> error "Data.List.Ordered.unionAll: assumption violated!" >> loop ( VIP x xs : xss ) >> = x : loop (xs:xss) >> loop [Crowd xs] = xs >> loop (xs:xss) = loop (unionPairs (xs:xss)) >> >> unionPairs [] = [] >> unionPairs [x] = [x] >> unionPairs (x:y:zs) = union' x y : unionPairs zs >> >> union' (VIP x xs) (VIP y ys) >> = case cmp x y of >> LT -> VIP x (union' xs (VIP y ys)) >> EQ -> VIP x (union' xs ys) >> GT -> error "Data.List.Ordered.unionAll: assumption violated!" >> union' (VIP x xs) (Crowd ys) = VIP x (union' xs (Crowd ys)) >> union' (Crowd []) ys = ys >> union' (Crowd xs) (Crowd ys) = Crowd (unionBy cmp xs ys) >> union' xs@(Crowd (x:xt)) ys@(VIP y yt) >> = case cmp x y of >> LT -> VIP x (union' (Crowd xt) ys) >> EQ -> VIP x (union' (Crowd xt) yt) >> GT -> VIP y (union' xs yt)
I see no obvious deficiencies. :) Personally, I'd probably structure it like http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Prime_numbers#Implicit_Heap so that your code becomes unionAll = serve . foldTree union' . map vip Your loop function is a strange melange of many different concerns (building a tree, union', adding and removing the VIP constructors). Note that it's currently unclear to me whether the lazy pattern match in pairs ~(x: ~(y:ys)) = f x y : pairs ys is beneficial or not; you used a strict one unionPairs (x:y:zs) = union' x y : unionPairs zs Daniel Fischer's experiments suggest that the strict one is better http://www.mail-archive.com/haskell-cafe@haskell.org/msg69807.html If you're really concerned about time & space usage, it might even be worth to abandon the lazy tree altogether and use a heap to achieve the same effect, similar to Melissa O'Neils prime number code. It's not as "neat", but much more predictable. :) Regards, Heinrich Apfelmus -- http://apfelmus.nfshost.com _______________________________________________ Haskell-Cafe mailing list Haskell-Cafe@haskell.org http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/haskell-cafe