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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-1445?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=12992642#comment-12992642
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Hadoop QA commented on HDFS-1445:
---------------------------------

-1 overall.  Here are the results of testing the latest attachment 
  
http://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/12470696/HDFS-1445-trunk.v22_hdfs_2-of-2.patch
  against trunk revision 1068968.

    +1 @author.  The patch does not contain any @author tags.

    +1 tests included.  The patch appears to include 3 new or modified tests.

    +1 javadoc.  The javadoc tool did not generate any warning messages.

    -1 javac.  The patch appears to cause tar ant target to fail.

    -1 findbugs.  The patch appears to cause Findbugs (version 1.3.9) to fail.

    +1 release audit.  The applied patch does not increase the total number of 
release audit warnings.

    -1 core tests.  The patch failed these core unit tests:


    -1 contrib tests.  The patch failed contrib unit tests.

    -1 system test framework.  The patch failed system test framework compile.

Test results: 
https://hudson.apache.org/hudson/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/157//testReport/
Console output: 
https://hudson.apache.org/hudson/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/157//console

This message is automatically generated.

> Batch the calls in DataStorage to FileUtil.createHardLink(), so we call it 
> once per directory instead of once per file
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: HDFS-1445
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-1445
>             Project: Hadoop HDFS
>          Issue Type: Sub-task
>          Components: data-node
>    Affects Versions: 0.20.2
>            Reporter: Matt Foley
>            Assignee: Matt Foley
>             Fix For: 0.22.0
>
>         Attachments: HDFS-1445-trunk.v22_common_1-of-2.patch, 
> HDFS-1445-trunk.v22_hdfs_2-of-2.patch
>
>
> It was a bit of a puzzle why we can do a full scan of a disk in about 30 
> seconds during FSDir() or getVolumeMap(), but the same disk took 11 minutes 
> to do Upgrade replication via hardlinks.  It turns out that the 
> org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.createHardLink() method does an outcall to 
> Runtime.getRuntime().exec(), to utilize native filesystem hardlink 
> capability.  So it is forking a full-weight external process, and we call it 
> on each individual file to be replicated.
> As a simple check on the possible cost of this approach, I built a Perl test 
> script (under Linux on a production-class datanode).  Perl also uses a 
> compiled and optimized p-code engine, and it has both native support for 
> hardlinks and the ability to do "exec".  
> -  A simple script to create 256,000 files in a directory tree organized like 
> the Datanode, took 10 seconds to run.
> -  Replicating that directory tree using hardlinks, the same way as the 
> Datanode, took 12 seconds using native hardlink support.
> -  The same replication using outcalls to exec, one per file, took 256 
> seconds!
> -  Batching the calls, and doing 'exec' once per directory instead of once 
> per file, took 16 seconds.
> Obviously, your mileage will vary based on the number of blocks per volume.  
> A volume with less than about 4000 blocks will have only 65 directories.  A 
> volume with more than 4K and less than about 250K blocks will have 4200 
> directories (more or less).  And there are two files per block (the data file 
> and the .meta file).  So the average number of files per directory may vary 
> from 2:1 to 500:1.  A node with 50K blocks and four volumes will have 25K 
> files per volume, or an average of about 6:1.  So this change may be expected 
> to take it down from, say, 12 minutes per volume to 2.

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