Le 02/12/2019 à 18:59, Marko Horn a écrit :

i used a own partition for boot and for /root

A separate partition for /root is a mistake. Or do you mean for / ("root") ?

both lying on a raid10

Then they are not partitions (/dev/sd*, /dev/nvme*) but RAID arrays (/dev/md*).

The machine starts normally and the grub menu is showing up.
After 5 second boot starts and hangs with message:

error: unknown file system
error: try to load the kernel first.

(looks for me grub cant mount  boot & root)

Only boot.

i did in the grub config =
GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES="lvm xfs mdraid09 mdraid1x diskfilter part_gpt part_msdos"

(dunno, if i need all. but some sounded so.)

Preloading modules in the core image is needed only to read /boot/grub, not /boot.

Also generatimg a initramfs with genkernel (...) > did not helped me.

Of course not. This is a GRUB error, not an initramfs error.

/etc/grub.d/40_custom

menuentry "gentoo linux 5.4.1 Super Horn Kernel" {
set root=(hd0,2)
            ^^^^^
This is wrong if /boot is a RAID array. It should be (mduuid/<uuid>) or (md/<number|name>). Actually, if /boot is in the same filesystem as /boot/grub, then root is already set to the proper value.

Debian installer with doing raid 10 boots well from all partitions metadata 1.2
How do the do the magic?

Debian runs update-grub (grub-mkconfig) and os-prober to automatically generate grub.cfg.

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