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{ Sila lawat Laman Hizbi-Net - http://www.hizbi.net }
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Undilah PAS : MENENTANG KEZALIMAN & MENEGAKKAN KEADILAN
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Assalamualaikum,
Ada tak sapa-sapa yg tahu macam mana caranya nak mulakan perniagaan tanpa
cukup modal dan tiada cagaran utk buat bank loan?...saya berminat nak bukak
business yg berkaitan dgn computer services... lagi satu, saya ni bukannya
dr keluarga yg pernah bukak business, jd tak tahu cara2 nak mulakan.. saya
bercadang nak ambik kursus utk usahawan baru tp tak tahu nak ambik kat
mana..
Kalau boleh saya nak tahu dr segi pendaftaran, modal, kewangan dll.. kalau
ada rujukan - buku, website etc - pun boleh..
Harap-harap dapatlah keluarga Hizbi menyuluh sikit jln saya...
Terima kasih.
-----Original Message-----
From: Osman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
Sent: Friday, October 01, 1999 10:09 AM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: H-Net* Profile: Aslan Maskhadov, the quiet
general
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Undilah PAS : MENENTANG KEZALIMAN & MENEGAKKAN KEADILAN
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Sent: Wednesday, September 29, 1999 12:17 AM
Subject: BBC: Profile: Aslan Maskhadov, the quiet general
> BBC
>
> Monday, September 27, 1999
>
> Profile: Aslan Maskhadov, the quiet general
>
> By BBC News Online's Stephen Mulvey
>
> As chief of staff of the Chechen armed forces Aslan
Maskhadov did more
> than any other fighter in Chechnya to win the 1994-1996
war against
> Russia. He also did more than any other negotiator to
bring peace.
>
> The softly-spoken general succeeded against the odds in
co-ordinating
> the actions of the numerous Chechen field commanders.
>
> He turned a swiftly mobilised scratch army into a force
capable of
> repelling Russian tanks, air power, and artillery.
>
> At the same time, he was at the forefront of peace
negotiations in 1995
> and 1996. His quiet pragmatism won the respect of Russian
negotiators.
>
> Chechens elected him president in January 1997 because of
his war
> record, and because he promised a more peaceful future
than younger and
> more radical rival candidates.
>
> On one point he was always firm, however: Chechnya must be
independent.
>
> An army man
>
> Like all Chechens of his generation, Aslan Maskhadov was
born in exile.
> His family was deported from Chechnya by Stalin, along
with the rest of
> the Chechen nation, in 1944. They returned home from
Kazakhstan in 1957,
> when Maskhadov was a child of six.
>
> The future president became a career artillery officer in
the Soviet
> army. He served in Hungary, and took part in the Soviet
army's attempt
> to suppress Lithuania's nationalist independence movement
in January
> 1991 - an episode he quickly came to regret.
>
> He became breakaway Chechnya's chief of staff the
following year.
>
> Maskhadov's main rival in the January 1997 election was
the charismatic
> field commander, Shamil Basayev. After the election he
wisely decided to
> work with, rather than against Basayev, first making him
deputy chief of
> the Chechen army, then acting prime minister.
>
> In 1998, however, Basayev joined many other former field
commanders in
> an unruly opposition. The commanders evolved into
warlords, removing
> large areas of Chechnya from Maskhadov's control. Some
came under
> suspicion when Maskhadov twice narrowly escaped
assassination, in car
> bomb explosions.
>
> Growing weaker
>
> Maskhadov's weakness was illustrated by a series of
high-profile
> kidnappings in 1998 and 1999. Foreign aid workers and
> Russian envoys joined hundreds of less well-known victims
held for
> ransom in Chechnya. His government was powerless to
release them.
>
> Maskhadov has also been unable to prevent Chechen warlords
launching a
> holy war to drive Russians out of neighbouring Dagestan.
>
> His own attitude to Islam is characteristically
conservative. He has
> encouraged the rebirth of Chechen religious traditions,
and the creation
> of religious courts. He has attempted, unsuccessfully, to
ban the
> fundamentalist trend of Islam known as Wahabism.
>
> The latest Russian attacks on Chechnya have helped to mend
relations
> between Maskhadov and his internal opponents. They are now
preparing to
> stand together against the Russian enemy.
>
> However, these developments have not necessarily made
Maskhadov
> stronger. His appeal to the Chechen voter rests partly on
his ability to
> offer them a life without war. A new conflict could prompt
calls for a
> leader in a more radical mold.
>
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