The replies on list to your question are very accurate and I reinforce 
the sentiment:
It totally depends on the fingering combo of the trill and whether I 
have to cross partials.  I think Klaus puts it best in his post (at 
least, that is the one that stated it the most accurately and fully, in 
my opinion).

People have alluded to the first valve and second valve being used in 
trills.  You may already know this, but depressing the 1st valve adds a 
whole step's worth of tubing to whatever note you're playing, so drops 
the note by a whole step.  The 2nd valve does a half step, so e.g. if I 
play a C (open) and press the 2nd valve, it drops me to a B.  Or, if 
I've already got the 3rd valve pressed down to play A, I can still just 
press the second valve to produce Ab.  

Maybe the way for you to do this would be to get a comprehensive 
fingering chart.  This would tell you which half-step and whole-step 
trills can be used.

As for low, long, and loud.. as the adage goes, pick two.  It's real 
tough to sustain a low, long, loud tone.  The loud is mostly the tough 
part of it.  I am a pretty good low horn player, with average breath 
control.  I would say any low note is fine loud for about 4 seconds.  I 
can probably play the octave below middle C (our written low G) as loud 
as possible for 6-8 seconds.  I can play it as soft as possible 
probably for something like 20 seconds (comfortably).  The octave below 
that, our pedal G, I can hold for about 12 seconds as soft as 
possible.  Probably 4-5 seconds as loud as possible.

I think people differ very broadly on this statistic, though.  

*Thank you* for being so conscientious about your horn part writing.

Marc Gelfo
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