Hugin++ is a fork of Hugin that is linked to fastPTOptimizer, a fork of the 
libpano13 library.

When you have only a small or medium number of images and control points, 
the original optimizer does the optimization in a fairly short time. 
However if you have a large number of images (several hundrets or even more 
than thousand) and many control points, the original optimizer typically 
needs much time for the optimization of the parameters.

With Hugin++ the time for the geometrical optimization is much shorter for 
large panoramas. Speedup factors of 100 or more are possible.

Update 28.06.2021:

I have added support for weights for control points. The default weight for 
each control points is 1. Assigning a weight higher than 1, say 'w', to a 
control point is equivalent to have 'w' control points with weight 1 at the 
same position. This causes the control point's error to contribute 'w' 
times more to the (weighted) sum of squares that the optimizer tries to 
minimize.

A control point with a high weight tends to have a small error after 
optimization - if this is
possible. But high weights should be used with care: In the extreme case 
that all control points have a weight of e.g. 1000 the optimizer finds 
exactly the same parameters as if the control points had the weight 1. What 
counts is the relation of the weights for the different control points.

What makes sense is assigning higher weights to control points that are 
likely placed precisely and lower weights to points that are less precise, 
e.g. if the object where they are placed may have moved in the meantime 
between shooting the two images.
You may also assign high weights to control points on objects where larger 
errors would be visually striking - if you are sure that these objects have 
not moved much.

For example, I have shot photos for a panorama where are trees, a stream 
and a bridge over the stream. After optimization without weights for 
control points (or all CPs having equal weight) there were visually 
striking errors on the bridge. On the other hand I know that the bridge has 
not moved noticeably.
So I could assign higher weights to CPs on the bridge. Other CPs, e.g. on 
the trees, might have moved - especially if they are on leafs of smaller 
branches of trees. Of course I tried not to place CPs on leafs but instead 
on trunks or bigger branches of the trees. But this in not always possible 
- especially if you use a high focal length (low angle of view).

Generally, assigning higher weight to a control point can lead to smaller 
errors of the CPs - if this it possible. But this is on the cost of getting 
larger errors on other control points.
If the CP with a higher weight is placed precisely, the increase of errors 
on other control points will probably be tolerable. A counterexample is the 
following: If a "bad" control point, e.g. an outlier (placed on different 
objects) or on a moving object, is assigned a higher weight, the error for 
this CP might decrease, but all other errors might increase in a 
non-tolerable way.

The "weights for control points" feature is currently available in a 
development version of Hugin++:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/huginplusplus/files/development/

-- 
A list of frequently asked questions is available at: 
http://wiki.panotools.org/Hugin_FAQ
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