Bio-degradation (bio-chemical processes) bisa terjadi tidak bersamaan dengan water-washing (physico-chemical processes).
Kalau terjadi bersamaan membedakannya dengan menganalisis finger-print minyaknya; memisahkan komponen-komponen yang prone terhadap salah satu process (salah satunya: benzene: tahan terhadap bacterial attack tapi sangat mudah larut terhanyut dalam water washing) adb --- Iman Argakoesoemah <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Apakah alasan water-washing atau bacterial > bio-degradation itu bisa terjadi tidak bersamaan ? > Kalau terjadi bersamaan, bagaimana membedakannya ? > > Thanks. Iman > > -----Original Message----- > From: andang bachtiar > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > Sent: Thursday, May 18, 2006 8:27 AM > To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id > Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Heavy Oil Fields in > Indonesia > > > Lebih tepatnya: API GRAVITY rendah itu karena: > - high carbon residue > - low h/c ratio (karena high carbon residue juga) > - high content of asphaltene (yang h/c rationya > rendah > dan carbon residue-nya tinggi juga) > - heavy metal, sulphur, dan nitrogen > > Penyebabnya, bisa karena: > - water-washing > - bacterial bio-degradation > - (debatable)original source-rock character combined > with unique thermogeneration pathway (debatable) > > Salam > > ADB > ETTI > > --- Rovicky Dwi Putrohari <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > Heavy oil bukan hanya karena API rendah tetapi ada > > yg mendefinisikan sbb : > > Heavy oil is a type of crude oil which is very > > viscous and does not > > flow easily. The common characteristic properties > > are high specific > > gravity, low hydrogen to carbon ratios, high > carbon > > residues, and high > > contents of asphaltenes, heavy metal, sulphur and > > nitrogen. > > > > Jadi secara engineering (produksi) ada yg > menganggap > > flow properties > > (viskositas) minyak ini yg menyebabkan disebut > > sebagai heavy oil. > > > > Kalau mau teori serta seluk beluk coba diunduh > saja > > dr Schlumberger : > > > http://www.slb.com/media/services/resources/oilfieldreview/ors02/aut02/p30_51.pdf? > > Heavy-Oil Reservoirs, Oilfield Review, Autumn 2002 > > (2 MB PDF) > > > > rdp > > > > On 5/18/06, Iman Argakoesoemah > > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > Ada publikasi mengenai geology, petroleum > systems > > dan cara produksinya ? > > > > > > Thanks. Iman > > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > Sent: Wednesday, May 17, 2006 2:38 PM > > > To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id > > > Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Heavy Oil Fields in > > Indonesia > > > > > > > > > > > > Ada, yaitu Duri Field - Rokan Block di Central > > Sumatra Basin. Duri dan > > > Sebanga-North Field dg oil properties yang > mirip, > > keduanya terletak pada > > > upthrown side of Sebanga-Kulin Fault dimana > > reservoir nya sangat dangkal > > > dibanding blok sebelah baratnya yang merupakan > > light oil field area > > > termasuk Minas-Bangko Fields. Duri mempunyai > > recovery factor yang rendah > > > sekitar 13 % (mkks=mohon koreksi kalau salah) > maka > > dilakukan steam > > > injection dg sistim pattern producer dan > injection > > yg terbagi dalam 13 area > > > pengembangan tapi belum semuanya tergarap. > Jumlah > > sumur mencapai 5 ribuan. > > > Banyak tulisan tentang Duri steam flood project > > menyangkut reservoir > > > characterization, structural evaluation, time > > lapse seismic dlsb. > > > Teman-teman silahkan menambahkan informasi lain > > yang lebih akurat. > > > > > > Salam > > > Budi Satrio > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > "Iman Argakoesoemah" > > > <[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > To: <iagi-net@iagi.or.id> > > > energi.com> > > > cc: > > > > > > Subject: [iagi-net-l] Heavy Oil Fields in > > Indonesia > > > 17/05/2006 03:12 PM > > > Please respond to > > > iagi-net > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Apakah ada lapangan minyak yang heavy oil (< 15 > > deg API) di Indonesia ? > > > Kalau ya, dimana ? > > > > > > Thanks. Iman > > > > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > ----- PIT IAGI ke 35 di Pekanbaru > > > ----- Call For Papers until 26 May 2006 > > > ----- Submit to: > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > To unsubscribe, send email to: > > iagi-net-unsubscribe[at]iagi.or.id > > > To subscribe, send email to: > > iagi-net-subscribe[at]iagi.or.id > > > Visit IAGI Website: http://iagi.or.id > > > Pembayaran iuran anggota ditujukan ke: > > > Bank Mandiri Cab. Wisma Alia Jakarta > > > No. Rek: 123 0085005314 > > > Atas nama: Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia (IAGI) > > > Bank BCA KCP. Manara Mulia > > > No. Rekening: 255-1088580 > > > A/n: Shinta Damayanti > > > IAGI-net Archive 1: > > http://www.mail-archive.com/iagi-net%40iagi.or.id/ > > > IAGI-net Archive 2: > > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/iagi > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > ----- PIT IAGI ke 35 di Pekanbaru > > > ----- Call For Papers until 26 May 2006 > > > ----- Submit to: > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > > > To unsubscribe, send email to: > > iagi-net-unsubscribe[at]iagi.or.id > > > To subscribe, send email to: > > iagi-net-subscribe[at]iagi.or.id > > > Visit IAGI Website: http://iagi.or.id > > > Pembayaran iuran anggota ditujukan ke: > > > Bank Mandiri Cab. Wisma Alia Jakarta > > > No. Rek: 123 0085005314 > > > Atas nama: Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia (IAGI) > > > Bank BCA KCP. Manara Mulia > > > No. Rekening: 255-1088580 > > > A/n: Shinta Damayanti > > > IAGI-net Archive 1: > > http://www.mail-archive.com/iagi-net%40iagi.or.id/ > > > IAGI-net Archive 2: > === message truncated === __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com --------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- PIT IAGI ke 35 di Pekanbaru ----- Call For Papers until 26 May 2006 ----- Submit to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, send email to: iagi-net-unsubscribe[at]iagi.or.id To subscribe, send email to: iagi-net-subscribe[at]iagi.or.id Visit IAGI Website: http://iagi.or.id Pembayaran iuran anggota ditujukan ke: Bank Mandiri Cab. Wisma Alia Jakarta No. Rek: 123 0085005314 Atas nama: Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia (IAGI) Bank BCA KCP. Manara Mulia No. Rekening: 255-1088580 A/n: Shinta Damayanti IAGI-net Archive 1: http://www.mail-archive.com/iagi-net%40iagi.or.id/ IAGI-net Archive 2: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/iagi ---------------------------------------------------------------------
