Yang saya pernah pelajari dahulu adalah bahwa untuk bisa dijadikan LNG gas itu
methane murni saja tidak dapat, tetapi harus mengandung beberapa % C2, C3
dan/atau C4 (propane, buthane dst). Oleh karenannya methane murni hanya bisa
adalah dijadikan CNG
Tetapi sekarang kelihatannya dengan teknologi cyrogenic (pendinginan) sudah bisa
Terima kasih atas pencerahannya
RPK
----- Original Message -----
From: rakhmadi.avia...@gmail.com
To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id
Sent: Friday, October 28, 2011 3:06 PM
Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing Shale-Gas,
CBM Resources
Itu di compress aja pak pake kompresor sampe brp psi gitu terus di angkut
Kalo CNG truck sering tuh sliwar sliwer di Cipularang
Demikian pak Koesoema
Salam
Avi Al Haj
Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "R.P.Koesoemadinata" <koeso...@melsa.net.id>
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2011 14:17:31 +0700
To: <iagi-net@iagi.or.id>
ReplyTo: <iagi-net@iagi.or.id>
Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing Shale-Gas,
CBM Resources
Kalau CNG?
----- Original Message -----
From: rakhmadi.avia...@gmail.com
To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id
Sent: Friday, October 28, 2011 1:54 PM
Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing
Shale-Gas, CBM Resources
Bisa pak Koesoema
Yg tidak bisa di jadikan LPG krn kalo LPG itu yg di strip adalah C3 dan
C4nya. Sedangkan CBM CH4 aja pak jadi ga bisa di LPG kan
Sedangkang LNG ya cuman nyairin gas aja setelah cair kan gampang di
angkutnya
Salam pak Koesoema tetap semangat dan semoga tetep sehat
Avi Al Haj
Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "R.P.Koesoemadinata" <koeso...@melsa.net.id>
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2011 13:47:21 +0700
To: <iagi-net@iagi.or.id>
ReplyTo: <iagi-net@iagi.or.id>
Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing
Shale-Gas, CBM Resources
Saya mungkin kurang faham, apakah gas CBM (yang saya kira melulu terdiri
dari methane) apakah bisa diolah sebagai LNG? Barangkali sebagai sebagai CNG
(compressed natural gas)?
Please correct me if I am wrong
RPK
----- Original Message -----
From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari
To: IAGI ; Indoenergy ; Forum HAGI
Sent: Friday, October 28, 2011 1:07 PM
Subject: [iagi-net-l] Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing Shale-Gas,
CBM Resources
Satu yang saya kurang setuu dengan statement bu Evita adalah CBM akan
dipakai untuk LNG. Karena LNG akan membuka kemungkinan dieksport lebih besar
ketimbang dipipakan sebagai gas utk kebutuhan dalam negeri.
Sebaiknya CBM diusahakan utk memenuhi dalam negeri. Termasuk utk listrik.
RDP
----
October 28, 2011 Hart Energy Websites
Oct 24, 2011
Indonesia Sets Its Sights On Developing Shale-Gas, CBM Resources
By Mike Madere
Indonesia is one of the largest oil and gas producers in Asia, and it is
aiming to become a major international player in shale-gas production.
Though it is no longer a net exporter of oil, Indonesia is a leading
exporter of natural gas and coal, according to the U.S. Energy Information
Administration. In recent years, Indonesia’s oil production has declined as
older fields play out and new projects fail to replace them.
In the eyes of the Indonesian government and BPMigas, the country’s
upstream oil and gas regulator, shale gas is the future. Indonesia is currently
facing a significant gas-supply deficit, and government officials are betting
that the development of shale gas will help resolve the problem of dwindling
oil revenue.
Evita H. Legowo, Indonesia’s director general of oil and gas, says the
nation welcomes foreign investors. Indonesia has plans to auction shale-gas
fields by the end of the year; yet, it may take about six years of exploration
to prove the resources, she said.
While the government is welcoming, logistical problems exist. The biggest
challenge facing the oil and gas sector is a lack of available infrastructure
to support distribution and commercial exploration, Legowo says, adding that
major production sites are located in areas situated far from the
electricity-grid network and the main population centers of Java.
Legowo agreed to participate in this exclusive question-and-answer
session, which was arranged by Lucky Nurafiatin, Hart Energy’s Asia and Middle
East manager of consulting.
Hart Energy: A study by the Bandung Institute of Technology found that
Indonesia holds 1,000 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of shale gas reserves.
Considering that Indonesia faces a severe gas-supply deficit, what is being
done to promote the production of shale gas?
Legowo: The long-term energy mix stated in presidential regulation
No.5/2006 describes the current and future (2025) composition on the use of
energy. We will reduce the oil share to less than 20% of our energy mix by
2025. At the same time, the gas share will be more than 30%. The remainder will
be contributed from renewable energy including biofuel, geothermal, coal
liquefaction and others (CBM and unconventional gases, biomass, nuclear,
hydro-power, solar and wind power). Shale gas, as one of the undeveloped
resources in Indonesia, becomes one of the future national projects to reduce
the deficit.
Hart Energy: Indonesia has announced plans to auction shale gas fields
toward the end of 2011. What kind of interest has this created, and who has
expressed interest? Would you share information about field numbers and
locations? And how do unconventional resources fit into the overall economy of
the nation?
Legowo: In the current position, we are struggling to finish regulations
that would fit the industrial and regional climate of shale-gas development.
These would be the milestones for further projections. There are some
indicative shale gas resources spreads among Sumatera, Kalimantan and Papua.
Some companies have expressed their interest, especially in East Kalimantan,
and some places in eastern Indonesia. The regulations that I mentioned earlier
will become the guidance for the whole picture of this development.
Hart Energy: When do you expect the first shale gas in Indonesia to be
produced? (Some reports say this may not happen until 2018.) What needs to
happen before shale gas can actually be produced in your country? And what are
Indonesia’s goals for the unconventional resource sector?
Legowo: We have made positive progress in creating a good climate for the
development [of shale gas]. Several companies have already submitted proposals
for some areas. The director general of oil and gas has the authority to run
joint studies in each of these applications, and normally it would take a
minimum of three months. At the end of this year, we will try to establish some
shale-gas working acreage, and it would take a six-year exploration period to
prove the resources. So, let us see what happens in the next six years.
Hart Energy: As far as creating jobs in Indonesia, what kind of effect do
you expect the emerging shale-gas industry to have? Do you have any
expectations about the potential economic impact of the shale-gas industry?
Legowo: As we mentioned at beginning, with considerable interest and
regulatory support, shale gas in Indonesia is expected to be one of the future
national projects that can increase the supply of gas to meet domestic demand,
which continues to rise, and enhance economic growth.
Hart Energy: Are you encouraging foreign investors and operators to get
involved in Indonesia’s shale-gas production? If so, what assurances can you
give to potential investors? How easy is it for a small- or medium-sized U.S.
independent to become involved in Indonesia?
Legowo: Basically, investors and operators interested in shale gas can be
involved in Indonesia’s shale-gas production. We don't make any limitations.
However, it requires high investment. Therefore, the small- or medium-sized
investor may invite other investors in a consortium.
The investment cost of shale gas is more expensive in Indonesia than in
other countries that have developed shale gas, such as the United States,
because the condition of the area is more complicated. The depth factors affect
the investment cost. In the U.S., the drilling cost per well can be as low as
$3 million to $4 million. Meanwhile, in Indonesia it can reach $8 million per
well.
Hart Energy: Reports say that you have studied shale-gas production in
the United States. What did you learn, and how does that apply to Indonesia?
Legowo: Lateral wells with multistage completions are needed to produce
shale-gas optimally. Production per well by using multilateral wells in
Pennsylvania can reach rates as high as 22 million cubic feet per day.
Hart Energy: Can you talk about the state of coalbed methane (CBM) in the
South Sumatra and other basins?
Legowo: Indonesia has one of the largest CBM resources in the world with
a potential 453 Tcf, more than double the country's current natural gas
reserves. The South Sumatra Basin, the largest CBM basin in Indonesia, is
estimated to contain in-place resources of approximately 183 Tcf. In the Barito
Basin, the second largest CBM basin in Indonesia, it is estimated that CBM
resources are approximately 101.6 Tcf, and the Kutai Basin, the third largest
CBM basin in Indonesia, is estimated to contain in-place resources of
approximately 80 Tcf. Between May 2008 and August 2O11, 39 CBM
production-sharing contracts were granted by the government of Indonesia.
The eastern area of Kalimantan has numerous coal outcrops and open-pit
coal mines, several natural gas fields and the world's second-largest LNG
facility, PT Badak's Bontang plant, which is expected to be the most likely
market for CBM projects in the region. At present, LNG produced at PT Badak's
Bontang plant is shipped to buyers in Japan, Korea and Taiwan.
Hart Energy: What is the greatest challenge a company faces in doing
business in Indonesia, and how competitive is your country's business climate
compared to that of neighboring countries?
Legowo: The greatest challenge facing the oil and gas sector is the lack
of logistical infrastructure available to support distribution and commercial
exploration. The main production sites are located in areas situated a
substantial distance from the electricity-grid network and the main population
centers of Java.
The Indonesia Economic Corridors Master Plan to 2025 aims to address this
by positioning refineries and industrial production sites at the sources of
primary energy production, but this will only be materialized in the long term.
In the Indonesian oil and gas sector, opportunities and challenges seem to go
hand in hand, but the general consensus is that the opportunities here are
bigger than the challenges.
Considering the growing global demand for natural gas and Indonesia's
potential to cater to this demand, the number of opportunities in this sector
is high. There are vast areas of offshore blocks with potential reserves yet to
be explored. Indonesia holds a lot of promise for unconventional oil and gas
resources, including CBM and shale gas.
The export demand for natural gas is projected to increase. With demand
from local power plants and fertilizer plants also increasing, Indonesia has to
do a balancing act that satisfies both domestic and foreign demand.
The recession dampened natural gas export demand, giving opportunity to
service the local demand. However, as export demand picks up again, Indonesia
will have a tougher balancing act to do. The solution would be to bring new LNG
projects online faster. Investors are needed for the development of domestic
gas infrastructure.
Contact the author, Mike Madere, at mmad...@hartenergy.com.
http://www.epmag.com/2011/October/item90349.php?utm_source=sp&utm_medium=em&utm_campaign=2152385-October%2027,%202011&utm_term=EPBuzz%20October%2027%202011%20(1)&utm_content=578623
