In some cases it was true binary/decimal/octal hexadecimal, e.g., mulipunching 
a card. In other cases there was a translation, e.g., Superzap.

The dead start panel on the CDC 6x00 machine was a set-and-forget.

-- 
Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz
http://mason.gmu.edu/~smetz3
עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל חַי
נֵ֣צַח יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א יְשַׁקֵּ֖ר



________________________________________
From: IBM Mainframe Discussion List <[email protected]> on behalf of 
Paul Gilmartin <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, December 31, 2024 12:59 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: Assembler vs. assembly vs. machine code

External Message: Use Caution


On Tue, 31 Dec 2024 11:38:53 -0600, Joel Ewing  \wrote:

>Mainframe people are more likely to realize the distinction between
>machine code and Assembler language because some of us have actually
>been forced at some point in our life to write at the machine code
>level, where you have to write in binary, octal, or hex. or decimal
  .
Are those "machine code" or do some of them still require
a translator?

I believe the s/360 could be IPLed from a card deck, which might
have been multi-punched on an 026.

The bootstrap loaders for the CDC 6600 and the PDP-8 were entered
from console switches.

>numbers and manually assign memory addresses for instructions and
>data.   If you have worked with powerful macro assemblers with large
>macro libraries, you also recognize that such Assemblers are much more
>powerful that just a convenient shorthand for representing machine code
>instructions.
>
>I think conflating machine code with Assembler code is more common in
>the PC world.

--
gil

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