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ramnarayan.k wrote:

> Will browsing the net some icons appear on the address bar, before the 
> address, sometimes its the Linux penguin, other times other icons.
> 
> So a few related questions:
> 1. Do they indicate anything

Your browser looks for the file 'favicon.ico' on the website it's
browsing. If it finds one, it displays that in the address bar, and in
bookmarks (if you bookmark that url.)
You may read up more at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favicon

> It also brought to mind whether the websites with the Penguin where 
> served by a linux server etc.

The webmaster is free to place any icon there - these would generally be
the logo of the website itself, or something to indicate the site's nature.

> and finally how would / could  one make out what kind of server or OS 
> are the webpages, websites based on / served from.

You'd query the webserver for it. Typically the HTTP headers would tell
you, but remember that the server is free to lie about it. :)

Quick ways include: curl -I http://india.gov.in  (try it :) ).
Also look at http://httptype.sourceforge.net/  by Philip.


Regards,
Manish

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