*Geranium pratense* L.
*jer-AY-nee-um* -- from the Greek *geranos*, crane; referring to the
beak-like fruit ... Dave's Botanary
<http://davesgarden.com/guides/botanary/search.php?search_text=Geranium>
*pray-TEN-see* or *pray-TEN-say* -- referring to a meadow ... Dave's
Botanary
<http://davesgarden.com/guides/botanary/search.php?search_text=pratense>

*commonly known as*: meadow crane's bill, meadow geranium • *Bhotia*:
pollo-mendok • *Hindi*: कशायमूल kashayamool • *Kashmiri*: gugchuk, karipat,
ringresh • *Kinnauri*: likatur • *Ladakhi*: ག་དུར gadur, གུག་ཅུཀ་ gugchuk,
स्प्रोलो sprolo • *Lahauli*: porlo • *Nepali*: राक्लामुल raklamool


*botanical names*: *Geranium pratense* L. ... *heterotypic synonyms*: *Geranium
coelestinum* Schur • *Geranium mariae* Sennen • *Geranium napellifolium*
Schur ... and many more listed at POWO
<https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322493-2#synonyms>
Bibliography / etymology
~~~~~ ENGLISH ~~~~~
*meadow crane's bill*

   - The Global Biodiversity Information Facility
   <https://www.gbif.org/species/2891304> (GBIF)
   - crane's bill - generic name given to perennial geraniums - so called
   for their long, slender fruit alluding to beak or bill of a crane

*meadow geranium*

   - Flowers of India
   <https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Meadow%20Geranium.html>
   - this name is literal translation of the botanical name - *Geranium
   pratense*

~~~~~ BHOTIA ~~~~~
*pollo-mendok*

   - Usha Devi, M. K. Seth, Pankaj Sharma and J. C. Rana - Study on
   ethnomedicinal plants of Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary: A cold desert in Trans
   Himalaya, India
   
<https://academicjournals.org/journal/JMPR/article-full-text-pdf/7DB6C3542317>
   - J. Med. Plants Res. Vol.7(47), pp. 3400-3419

~~~~~ HINDI ~~~~~
*कशायमूल kashayamool*

   - Many thanks to OM Prakash Vidyarthi for help with this name ...
   facebook
   
<https://www.facebook.com/vomprakash/posts/pfbid029S7iZCUn4Nnhc938wksJio2NiyuE79tyDQrpgPGNTQV76WnWaxBzgHuy1ezXg8LEl>

~~~~~ KASHMIRI ~~~~~
*gugchuk, karipat, ringresh*

   - Gairola, Sumeet & Sharma, Jyotsana & Bedi, Y. S.. (2014). A
   cross-cultural analysis of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh (India) medicinal
   plant use.
   
<https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263414858_A_cross-cultural_analysis_of_Jammu_Kashmir_and_Ladakh_India_medicinal_plant_use>
   Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 155. 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.029.

~~~~~ KINNAURI ~~~~~
*likatur*

   - Devi, Usha & Sharma, Pankaj & Rana, Jai & Sharma, Aman. (2014).
Phytodiversity
   assessment in Sangla valley, Northwest Himalaya, India.
   
<https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271823799_Phytodiversity_assessment_in_Sangla_valley_Northwest_Himalaya_India>
   Check List: Journal of species lists and distribution. 10. 740-760.
   10.15560/10.4.740.

~~~~~ LADAKHI ~~~~~
*ག་དུར gadur, གུག་ཅུཀ་ gugchuk*

   - Namtak S, Sharma RC. Medicinal plant resources in Skuru watershed of
   Karakoram wildlife sanctuary and their uses in traditional medicines system
   of Ladakh, India.
   
<https://medcraveonline.com/IJCAM/medicinal-plant-resources-in-skuru-watershed-of-karakoram-wildlife-sanctuary-and-their-uses-in-traditional-medicines-system-of-ladakh-india.html>
   Int J Complement Alt Med. 2018;11(5):294-302 DOI:
   10.15406/ijcam.2018.11.00415
   - Field Guide - Floral Diversity of Ladakh
   
<https://d2391rlyg4hwoh.cloudfront.net/downloads/field_guide_floral_diversity_of_ladakh.pdf>
   by O P Chaurasia, Nisa Khatoon, Shashi Bala Singh

*स्प्रोलो sprolo*

   - Many thanks to OM Prakash Vidyarthi for help with this name ...
   facebook
   
<https://www.facebook.com/vomprakash/posts/pfbid029S7iZCUn4Nnhc938wksJio2NiyuE79tyDQrpgPGNTQV76WnWaxBzgHuy1ezXg8LEl>

~~~~~ LAHAULI ~~~~~
*porlo*

   - Observations on Traditional Phytotherapy among the Inhabitants of
   Lahaul Valley through Amchi System of Medicine — A Cold Desert Area of
   Himachal Pradesh in North Western Himalayas, India
   <https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=7580>
   written by Parveen Kumar Sharma, Surender Kumar Thakur, S. Manuja, R. K.
   Rana, Pardeep Kumar, Sanjay Sharma, Jagdish Chand, Ashok Singh, Krishan
   Kumar Katoch, published by Chinese Medicine, Vol.2 No.3, 2011
   - Ashok Singh, Manohar Lal & S. S. Samant (2009) Diversity, indigenous
   uses and conservation prioritization of medicinal plants in Lahaul valley,
   proposed Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, India
   <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451590903230249>, International Journal of
   Biodiversity Science & Management, 5:3, 132-154, DOI:
   10.1080/17451590903230249

~~~~~ NEPALI ~~~~~
*राक्लामुल raklamool*

   - Pandey, Manish. (2007). Use of Medicinal Plants in Traditional Tibetan
   Therapy System in Upper Mustang, Nepal.
   
<https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240803388_Use_of_Medicinal_Plants_in_Traditional_Tibetan_Therapy_System_in_Upper_Mustang_Nepal>
   Our Nature. 4. 10.3126/on.v4i1.505.

~~~~~ x ~~~~~




Names compiled / updated at
https://dineshvalke.blogspot.com/2022/12/geranium-pratense-l.html

Regards.
Dinesh

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