Ushadi As Carolus Liinaeus (father) was born in 1707, and went to Holland and Germany in early thirties, the obvious reference is to him only and not the son.
-- Dr. Gurcharan Singh Retired Associate Professor SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018. Phone: 011-25518297 Mob: 9810359089 http://www.gurcharanfamily.com/ http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45/ On Wed, Aug 8, 2012 at 9:45 PM, ushadi Micromini <[email protected]>wrote: > Thanks Surajit... > could you please ask Dr Raju if he means the father or the son when he > talks of "YOUNG LINNEAUS" > thanks > Usha di > > > On Thu, Aug 9, 2012 at 8:07 AM, surajit koley (Google Drive) < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> [image: Document] I've shared LINNAEUS and >> MALABAR<https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jXguClxR_xxPxXGx_Z05FubHrg2w5niuHd8ngL_bxg0/edit> >> Click to open: >> >> - LINNAEUS and >> MALABAR<https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jXguClxR_xxPxXGx_Z05FubHrg2w5niuHd8ngL_bxg0/edit> >> >> >> CELEBRATION OF BICENTENARY OF LINNAEUS AT CALICUT >> >> [ Text of the talk by D.C.S.Raju, F.L.S., Central National Herbarium, >> Botanical Survey of India, Howrah ] >> >> Honourable Vice Chancellor Dr. Purushottaman, Respected Dr. >> Gopalakrishnan, Dr.Achutan, Prof. Manilal, and Friends of this August >> meeting, I have great pleasure to be with you in a wonderful habitat >> with a glorious past. >> >> I am not going to speak much of Linne as Dr Gopalakrishnan spoke of >> categories, species and conservation of natural resources but I wish to >> mention the role played by people of Kerala, during 16th -18th centuries, >> when explorations for trade and scientific knowledge were going on. It is >> strange enough that Calicut was hospitable to seafarers 500 yrs ago just >> as it is a travellers’ paradise today. Spice trade from Cochin encouraged >> botanical studies by Europeans just as Calicut University is promoting >> taxonomic research on Flora of Malabar today. >> >> Now coming to the point of plant wealth of Kerala and its relevance to >> Linnaean Classics I should first make reference to the Dutch East >> India Company <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company>. >> We very well know that Van >> Rheede<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_van_Rheede> an >> army officer returned from Holland as Governor of Malabar. He got >> translations of Sanskrit texts and brought out Hortus >> Malabaricus<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortus_Malabaricus> 300 >> years ago. But it was George >> Clifford<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Clifford_III> >> , the richest Banker of Amsterdam who actually cultivated many trees of >> Malabar at Hartecamp <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartekamp>. He also >> maintained a zoo as it was a fashion those days. >> >> The young Linnaeus was lucky to be in the employ of Clifford as a >> physician and pursue his botanical research for over 2 yrs. Well, as I am >> curious about red banana <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_banana> of >> Kerala, Linne was also interested in the plantain from Malabar. He grew >> this plantain in a hot house<http://www.linnaeus.uu.se/online/life/6_3.html>, >> got it flowered and fruited and fully described. This work on >> banana<http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/%7Edrc/mparadisiaca.htm> is >> a rare book as only 500 copies were printed. One copy is right here as >> exhibit of 1736. Along with this Linne also gave the world a classification >> of Nature to distinguish various kinds of plants, animals and rocks. Linne >> explored Lapland <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapland_%28Sweden%29> covering >> 1400 miles and made name in geography. As he was a doctor, Linne prepared >> Materia >> Medica in 1749 <http://www.linnaeus.uu.se/online/pharm/medicinal.html> and >> included many indian plants. He obtained seeds from >> Aleppo<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleppo> through >> friends like >> Russell<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Russell_%28herpetologist%29> and >> pupils like Koenig<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Gerhard_K%C3%B6nig> >> working >> in Coramandel. All our plants were classified according to sexual system >> and given latin names like Sonerila, Areca, Myristica, Oryza, Melastoma >> etc. For many names Linne cited Hortus >> Malabaricus<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortus_Malabaricus> tables >> and since 1753 his binomial system became standard for whole world. >> >> Following Linnaean system of nomenclature T.F. >> Bourdillon<http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FT._F._Bourdillon&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFcnxJ7pn1_p7ZtsFK1mxRw5UDAIA> >> wrote >> the first Forest Flora of Kerala, 85 yrs ago, which is really an Indian >> Flora of plant geographers as Malabarica and Coromandelia are natural >> regions of India. The Dutch Professor J. >> Burman<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Burman> cultivated >> Cinnamon trees and published Flora Malabarica in 1769, whereas his son N. >> L. Burman <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaas_Laurens_Burman> >> brought out a Flora Indica in 1768 while Linne was revising his Species >> Plantarum <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_Plantarum>. >> >> Incidentally I like to mention here that Loeseneriella >> bourdillonii<http://books.google.co.in/books?id=XIL9adYYeSIC&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=Loeseneriella+bourdillonii+gamble+raju&source=bl&ots=29hjYQPEdL&sig=JuGxq1E5sdQCFPy0CfPvs_LIWus&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UmEhUN-0McHYrQfdkoD4DQ&ved=0CGMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Loeseneriella%20bourdillonii%20gamble%20raju&f=false> >> (Gamble) >> Raju<http://books.google.co.in/books?id=XIL9adYYeSIC&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=Loeseneriella+bourdillonii+gamble+raju&source=bl&ots=29hjYQPEdL&sig=JuGxq1E5sdQCFPy0CfPvs_LIWus&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UmEhUN-0McHYrQfdkoD4DQ&ved=0CGMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Loeseneriella%20bourdillonii%20gamble%20raju&f=false> >> is >> a Hippocratea >> species<http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/genus.php?genus_id=893> in >> honour of Bourdillon <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._F._Bourdillon> with >> new status. Dr Buchanan, Cleghorn, Beddome, Wight, Fischer, Gamble, >> Hohenacker, Rama Rao and others studied rich vegetation of Kerala when >> this area was quite sylvan and not industrialised and there were no >> universities. Now the gigantic trees are gradually disappearing before >> their life histories are known, Habitats are shrinking with unforeseen >> results after few generations. A single Linnean species in food-chain or >> ecosystem makes a difference if it is a key species. >> >> Very few botanists in our country know the true nature of Indian >> vegetation as enunciated by Prof. Van >> Steenis<http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/chronob/STEE1901.htm>. >> Indian vegetation is part of monsoon forests of Asia with moist deciduous >> elements dominated by >> Dipterocarpus<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipterocarpus> family. >> The evergreen forests of Assam valley with Dipterocarpus turbinatus, D. >> manni, Shorea robusta<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shorea_classification> in >> indo-gangetic plains, Shorea tumbuggaia, Shorea talura in Eastern ghats, >> Hopea parviflora right near Calicut University, Vatica sp in Sahyadri >> range of Western ghats are pointers with their winged seeds as just >> dipterocarps in relation to regional habitat at macro and micro levels >> for proper evaluation to ensure conservation of plant resources . >> >> A Flora of Kerala is the immediate need of the day as it was for Linne >> in 1745 to write a Swedish Flora for many practical purposes. Linne >> studied Wild Rye (Elymus) and somebody is recently searching wild nutmegs >> of Kerala for a gene bank. I am myself wondering about Poeciloneuron and >> Myristica >> malabarica<http://www.biotik.org/india/species/m/myrimala/myrimala_en.html>, >> as I have not seen them though they are noblest trees of Malabar. Linnaeus >> cultured pearls, cured cancers, talked of solar energy. He classified >> diseases and classified scientists and systems of classification. How many >> of us know Linnaeus is called Dioscorides 2nd whereas we call him as >> Prince of Botanists. >> >> I am sure that Prof. Manilal and all his colleagues would simulate a >> school of Linnaeus in Calicut to unravel mysteries of biology, reproduction >> and chromosome behavior in the footsteps of Janaki Ammal the great botanist >> who reorganised Botanical Survey of India. With these few words of >> enthusiasm I join you all and thank you for the hospitality. >> >> INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR ANGIOSPERM TAXONOMY >> >> --------------------------------------- >> >> --------------------------------------- >> >> >> Google Drive: create, share and keep all of your stuff in one place. >> [image: Logo for Google Drive] <https://drive.google.com> >> >> -- >> >> >> >> > > > > -- > Usha di > =========== > > -- > > > > --
