Masih bahas tentang Snape, sebagai one of Snape Defender Army, aku
merasa perlu meneruskan perkamen ini. Jangan teruskan baca postingan
ini kalau belum selesai baca HBP ya.
===
WARNING
Don't read the rest of this article unless you've finished Harry
Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. The predictions for book 7 will
necessarily involve the revelation of some important plot details
from book 6.
====
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.
.
.
.
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Severus Snape:
The Unlikely Hero of Harry Potter book 7
By Dave Kopel
July 19, 2005
Don't read the rest of this article unless you've finished Harry
Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. The predictions for book 7 will
necessarily involve the revelation of some important plot details
from book 6.
One of the many virtues of John Granger's book The Hidden Key to
Harry Potter is its emphasis on the importance of characters' names.
In a National Review Online review a couple years ago, I noted
Granger's interesting and plausible theories of the Christian subtext
in the names "Gryffindor" and "Harry Potter." Other character names
also have interesting Christian roots. For example. Harry's devoted
and protective owl Hedwig shares a name with a medieval Christian
saint, who is the patroness of the Sisters of St. Hedwig, a small
charitable order whose "chief aim is the education of orphaned and
abandoned children." A Potter fan website contains a compendium of
many character names and their meanings (up through volume 4), and
the site, while full of fascinating information, does not exhaust the
meanings that can be drawn from the names.
Granger points out that the sibilance of "Severus Snape" makes the
reader think of a snake, and the crafty, mistrustful Snape has many
snake-like qualities. Also, Severus is an unusually severe teacher.
However, I think there is a more significant meaning of the name,
which perhaps holds the key to the dénouement of the forthcoming book
7. "Severus" is a variant of "sever"to cut. If run the two words of
his name together, so that the consonants link up, then we
hear "sever-uh-ssnape," very much like "sever a snake."
In the end, I predict, Snape will sacrifice himself in order to
destroy the snakelike Voldemort, whose personal symbol (the Dark
Mark) is a snake tongue projecting from a death's head skull. (The
symbol unintentionally teaches the lesson that false speech is a form
of death).At a surface level, the events of the just-published book 6
seem entirely contrary to my thesis, but looked at from another
angle, they confirm it. Let's begin with chapter 2, "Spinner's End,"
in which Snape makes the Unbreakable Vow to Narcissa Malfoy. The
chapter's title ostensibly refers to the street where Snape lives.
But the chapter is also the beginning of the end of Snape's life of
deceptions and double games, of trying to play both sides of the
street. As he explains to Narcissa and Bellatrix, he once "spun" an
elaborate "tale of deepest remorse" in order to gain Dumbledore's
protection. (Page 31).When Narcissa asks him for the Unbreakable Vow,
Bellatrix sneers that Snape will offer only "The usual empty words,
the usual slithering out of action
" (35). But, perhaps for the first
time in his life, Snape surrenders himself for another. The
consequence of breaking an Unbreakable Vow is death.
Marriage is, in its sanctified state, an unbreakable vow, and the
enchantment ceremony is remarkably like a wedding: Snape looks into
Narcissa's tearful eyes, kneels before her, and they clasp hands. In
the presence of a Bonder, Snape is asked questions which evoke the
rhythm of the wedding vows: "Will you, Severus, watch over my son
"
To each question, Snape responds, "I will"reminiscent of the "I do"
of the unbreakable vows in a wedding.
With each "I will," a tongue of flame coils around their intertwined
hands. (36-37). Snape loves Narcissa, I suggest. His beloved is a
narcissist, but at the greatest crisis of her lifewhen her son is
mortal peril, and her husband is unable to protect their son,
Narcissa risks everythingeven betraying the Dark Lord and incurring
his terrible wrathin a desperate attempt to save her Draco. (32).
Because Narcissa and Snape love, they ultimately, not true servants
of the Dark Lord.
Months later, Hagrid tells Harry about a recently overheard argument
between Dumbledore and Snape: "I jus' heard Snape sayin' Dumbledore
took too much for granted an' maybe heSnapedidn' wan' ter do it
anymore
Dumbledore told him out he'd agreed to do it an' that was all
there was to it." (405-06).
In the climactic confrontation between Dumbledore and Draco, on the
Astronomy Tower, Dumbledore reveals that he has known all along about
Malfoy's plot to murder him. Yet Dumbledore has not acted against
Draco, because Dumbledore still hopes to save him by making Draco
prove to himself that he is not a killer, and thereby enticing Malfoy
to come over the Right side. (585, 591-92).
The one person who knows that the Dark Lord has ordered Malfoy to
attempt to kill Dumbledore and is a person who has any contact with
Dumbledore is Severus Snape. I believe that Snape revealed the Dark
Lord's plot to Dumbledore. And that Snape also revealed to Dumbledore
that Snape had made an Unbreakable Vow to Narcissa. The argument
between Dumbledore and Snape had occurred when Snape grew weary in
his efforts to protect Draco, and Dumbledore insisted that Snape must
keep his vow.
Dumbledore's knowledge of the third part of Snape's vowto kill
Dumbledore if Malfoy could notexplains what happened shortly before
Dumbledore's death. Dumbledore wanted to die (I'll explain why in a
little bit), and he knew that Snape was the man who couldand must
perform the deed.
Consider the ambiguity of Dumbledore's words as Harry and he rush
back to Hogwarts: "It is professor Snape whom I need." (580). This
time, Dumbledore is not looking for Snape to heal him, as Snape had
done the previous summer, when Dumbledore had returned badly injured
from a fierce battle.
When Snape arrives at the Astronomy Tower, he first surveys the
scene, but takes no action. Dumbledore is defenseless. But Draco is
unable to bring himself to kill Dumbledore. The other Death Eaters on
the Tower would be happy to kill Dumbledore, but they are afraid to
act, because the Dark Lord has ordered that Draco must be the one to
dispatch Dumbledore. As Dumbledore knows, only Snapewho has made the
Unbreakable Vow to kill Dumbledore if Draco cannotwill defy the Dark
Lord's orders, and personally kill Dumbledore.
It is then that Dumbledore begs Snape to fulfill his vow: "Severus,"
says the headmaster. "For the first time, Dumbledore was pleading."
(595). "Severus
please
"
If Snape were following Dumbledore's wishes, why were "revulsion and
hatred etched" in Snape's face as a gazed at Dumbledore just before
killing him? Firstly, revulsion at having to perform an Unforgivable
Curse, the death spell Avada Kedavra. Discussing the killing
afterwards, the Hogwarts teachers and pupils agree that they had
never believed that Snape, for all his faults, could kill a man. To
fulfill the Unbreakable Vow and Dumbledore's wishes, Snape had act in
revolt against his true nature.
As for the "hatred", Snape knows that a wizard must act with hatred
in order to successfully cast an Unforgivable Curse. Hatred comes
easily to Snape, and he had all sorts of resentments which he could
bring to mindincluding, perhaps, hatred of Dumbledore for making
Harry Potter into the headmaster's favorite. And then there is a full
reservoir of self-hatred from his miserable childhood, compounded by
his many cruelties as an adult.
But my guess is that the primary source of the "revulsion and hatred"
is that Snape knows the same things that Dumbledore had learned just
a few minutes before, when Dumbledore drank the magic potion--from
the basin in the secret lake where Voldemort had hidden a Horcrux.
(Note the meaning of "whore/horrible cross"a perverted version of
the soul-saving object which overcomes death.)
Dumbledore suffered agony while drinking the ten goblets of potion.
Harry presumed that Dumbledore was simply hallucinating while he
drank, but I believe that Dumbledore instead was seeing some terrible
truths.
Harry saw Dumbledore become frightened. He moaned "
don't like
want
to stop
I don't want to
Let me go
Make it stop, make it stop." (The
last phrase echoes the frightened scream "make it stop" of the girl
Regan, who is possessed by a demon in The Exorcist.) Dumbledore
continued, "I can't, don't make me, I don't want to
"
Then, "It's all my fault, all my fault
I know I did wrong, oh please
make it stop and I'll never, never again
Don't hurt them
it's my
fault, hurt me instead
" (The last phrase echoes what the young
exorcizing priest Father Karras yelled at the demon: "Take me" The
demon immediately left the girl's body, and inhabited the Karras, who
immediately hurled himself out the window to his deaththereby
thwarting the demon; he survived just long enough to receive last
rites, and die peacefully.)
Dumbledore implored "Make it stop, make it stop, I want to die!"
Then, as just before Harry gave Dumbledore the tenth and final
goblet, Dumbledore yelled "Kill me!" "`Thisthis one will!' gasped
Harry." (573).
Dumbledore, I believe, realized that he had made a terrible mistake
which had empowered Voldemort, and that only by dying could
Dumbledore stop the harm from that mistake. As Dumbledore had told
Harry long before, "I make mistakes like the next man. In fact, being
forgive merather cleverer than most men, my mistakes tend to be
correspondingly huger." (197).
What was the mistake? It likely has something to do with the meeting
that Voldemort arranged years ago with Dumbledore, ostensibly to
apply for a professorship at Hogwarts. Dumbledore was baffled by the
meeting, since Voldemort (a/k/a Tom Riddle) plainly knew that there
was no chance that Dumbledore would hire him, and Dumbledore knew
that Riddle knew.
Yet Dumbledore let Riddle into Dumbledore's own office. Watching a
replay of the meeting in Dumbledore's Pensieve, Harry notices
something at the very end of the meeting, which Dumbledore, it seems,
did not: "For a second, Harry was on the verge of shouting a
pointless warning: He was sure that Voldemort's hand had twitched
toward his pocket and his wand; but the moment had passed, Voldemort
had turned away, the door was closing, and he was gone." (446).
Whatever malignant spell that Voldemort secretly cast on that day
enchanting something in Dumbledore's own office, or even Dumbledore
himself--had consequences which Dumbledore only realized when he
drank the potion on the island. The spell may have involved inserting
into Hogwarts (in a deep magical disguise) the four followers of
Voldemort who were waiting gathered in the town outside Hogwarts. As
Dumbledore told Riddle during the interview, it made no sense for
Riddle to have been accompanied by the four, if Riddle only wanted to
speak with Dumbledore.
In any case, Dumbledore understood, for reasons that are still
unclear to us, that he had to die soon in order to save innocents.
Snape's final scene is consistent with the thesis that Snape is not a
true servant of the Dark Lord.
Significantly, Snape protects Harry, in a sense. Snape's timely spell-
casting prevents Harry from uttering an Unforgivable Curse. Snape was
not present in the showdown at the Ministry of Magic at the end of
book 5, so he may not know that Harry has already cast an
Unforgivable Curse. Bellatrix (meaning female warrior, and also the
name of the bright star that is Orion's right shoulder) does know
that Harry uttered an Unforgivable Curse, butgiven her embarrassment
at her own failure in the Ministrymay not have given Snape a blow-by-
blow account of every aspect of the battle.
In the showdown with Harry outside the school grounds, Snape's face
is full of hatred, but it's understandable. Harry attempts to cast a
spell on Snape which Snape, as a Hogwarts student, had invented
himself. Harry's father, James Potter, had bullied his fellow student
Snape by using a Snape-invented spell against Snape. (This is the
Snape memory that Harry watched in Snape's Pensieve, in book 5.)
If Snape has always been playing a complex double game against
Voldemort (or at least working both sides of the street, and keeping
his options open, to make sure he can jump to the winning side), why
doesn't Voldemort know? After all, the Dark Lord is, as Snape says in
chapter 2, "the most accomplished Legilimens the world has ever
seen?" (Like many spells, Legilmens is just a Latin variant; in this
case, for "read-mind.")
This answer is easy. Snape is a superb practitioner of Occlumency,
which blocks an attempt to read one's mind. Remember that in book 5,
Harry was ordered to take Occlumency lessons from Snapewith the
expectation that if Potter learned well (he barely even tried),
Potter would be able to prevent Voldemort from reading Harry's mind,
despite the intense mental link between Harry and Voldemort. Indeed,
Occlumency, in a metaphorical sense, is the essence of Snape's
character. He is the man of the "unreadable" expression. (35). Ever
since book 1, Rowling has been pulling surprises about Snape, so that
readers never know for certain what are Snape's true intentions.
Consider the possibility that Snape may know the full prophecy. In
book 5, Dumbledore explains to Harry how job applicant Sybil Trelawny
entered a trance, which she does not remember, and uttered the
prophecy one night shortly before Harry was born. (427) (Her first
name comes from the Greek "Sibylla," meaning "prophetess." She shares
a last name with Edward John Trelawny, a 19th century English "self-
promoting
brilliant story-teller
[who]
was far from truthful."
Professor Trelawny is mostly a self-promoting fraud, but she does get
things right sometimes, as in book 6, when the cards keep sending
message of impending doom on a tower.)
Trelawny tells Harry that her job interview with Dumbledore was
interrupted by the discovery that Snape was eavesdropping. (545).
Dumbledore presumes that Snape only told Voldemort the first half of
the prophecy. (549) (The first part identifies a baby born July 31
either Harry Potter or Neville Longbottomas a dangerous foe of
Voldemort.) Dumbledore's presumption is accurate, since Voldemort
clearly does not know the second half of the prophecy, and spent all
of book 5 in a futile effort to learn it. And Snape plainly told
Voldemort the first half of the prophecy, since Voldemort then began
planning to kill baby Harry, although he succeeded only in killing
Harry's parents.
Accordingly, Dumbledore and Harry presume that Snape does not know
the second half of the prophecy, because they assume that Snape, who
at the time was a Death Eater, would have told Voldemort everything
that Snape knew. But maybe Dumbledore and Harry are wrong in their
presumption. Perhaps Snape was playing a double game even then, and
decided to retain some options for himself by keeping the second half
of the prophecy to himself. Especially because the prophecy suggests
that Voldemort's side might not be the winning side in the long run.
The first half of the prophecy is:
"The one with the power to vanquish the Dark Lord approaches. born to
those who have thrice defied him, born as the seventh month dies .
and the Dark Lord will mark him as his equal, but he will have power
the Dark Lord knows not"
The second half of the prophecy explains, I suggest, why Harry must
die in book 7, so that Voldemort can be destroyed:
and either must die at the hand of the other for neither can live
while the other survives . the one with the power to vanquish the
Dark Lord will be born as the seventh month dies.
"[N]either can live while the other survives." On the face of it, the
statement is absurd. Voldemort and Harry are both alive, and both
survive, simultaneously. We tend to think of "live" and "survive" as
synonyms. Yet if the two words are synonyms, the prophecy is
incorrect.
It could be argued, if a person is not mortal, he is in a sense not
truly living. The immortal creatures (that is, creatures which
survive endlessly) which we have seen are ghosts and inferni. Each of
them survives, yet neither of them lives.
Thus, as long as Harry survives, Voldemort is not mortal.
Accordingly, Voldemort is, in a sense, not living. And perhaps, in
some as-yet unknown way, Harry is immortal as long as Voldemort
survives.
Referring to Godric Gryffindor's sword, Dumbledore states, "the only
known relic of Gryffindor remains safe" from Voldemort's attempt to
implant a Horcrux. (505) Yes, but could there be an unknown relic of
the co-founder of Hogwarts? Such as the last living descendant of
Godric Gryffindor (just as Voldemort, the Heir of Slytherin, is the
last descendant of Salazar Slytherin)?
Harry was born in Godric Hollow. There are numerous reasons, detailed
in the book by John Granger, to believe that Harry is the Heir of
Gryffindor. His name even sounds like "heir" when Fleur Delacour call
him 'Arry with her French accent.
The reason that Harry must die in order that Voldemort may "live" (as
a mortal) rather than "survive" (as a deathless immortal) is that the
final Horcrux is contained within Harry himself.
At the very end of book 6, Harry announces his plans to return
briefly to the Dursleys (pursuant to Dumbledore's previous
instructions), and then to go for the first time in his life to
Godric Hollow, the home of his infancy, before setting out on a quest
for the Horcruxes. (630-31). The journey to the home where his
parents were murdered will be even more significant to his quest than
Harry currently realizes.
By returning in the summer of his 16th year to the unhappy home where
he was raised, and thereafter to the place where he was born, Harry
will recapitulate what Tom Riddle did in the summer of his own 16th
year. (363).
"I am sure he was intending to make his final Horcrux with your
death," Dumbledore explained to Harry. (506).
But Voldemort's death/Horcrux spell on baby Harry went terribly
wrong, and blasted Voldemort's body out of existence. Yet maybe
Voldemort did, unbeknownst to himself, create that final Horcrux: in
Harry Potter himself. The lightning bolt scar on Harry's forehead is
clearly more than a wound from the attack, since we know it magically
links Harry and Voldemort. Could it also be the final Horcrux? And
so for Voldemort to be destroyed with finality, Harry himself must
die too.
Perhaps there's some way to destroy only the Horcrux, without killing
Harry. But from what we've seen so far, in order to destroy a
Horcrux, such as the one contained in Tom Riddle's diary, one must
destroy the Horcrux-carrier too. (The Letters of Marque blog by
Michigan Law student Heidi Bond contains an extensive discussion of
the "Harry has a Horcrux" theory.)
One final mystery: who is the "R.A.B." who had already swiped the
Horcrux from the basin on the island on Lake Voldemort, long before
Dumbledore and Harry arrived to attempt to take the Horcrux? As
Hermione's archival research shows, there is no plausible Horcrux-
swiper with the initials "R.A.B." (We don't know the middle initial
of Regulus Black, the deceased younger brother of Harry's godfather.
But I presume that Hermione is such a thorough researcher that she
would not have failed to discover the middle initial of such an
obvious suspect.)
Remember Dumbledore's words to Harry, as the two of them successfully
returned from their journey through Voldemort's lake in the
cave: "One alone could not have done it
" (577).
So "R.A.B." might be the initials for a team of three wizards who
took the Horcrux locket. Yet the enchanted boat which is necessary to
cross from the shore to the island can detect magic, and will only
allow a single adult wizard passenger. The boat does not prevent
Harry from riding with Dumbledore because Harry is still underage,
and thus his powers apparently do not "register" with the boat's
passenger detectors. (564). If so, it would seem impossible that
three adult wizards could have ridden the boat. Were at least two of
the "R.A.B" trio underage? Or did they just bring brooms so they
could fly?
Moreover, whoever took the Horcrux would have needed to first empty
the basin by drinking all its potion. So how did the basin get
refilled with potion by the time Harry and Dumbledore arrived?
Here's my theory: R.A.B. refers, in whole or in part, to Severus
Snape. When Hermione reports on her archival research about wizards
with the initials R.A.B., none of whom seem plausibly to be the
Horcrux-taker, she concludes, "No, actually, it's about
well, Snape."
(636). What she means is that while looking up "R.A.B.," she ran
across a small newspaper article revealing that Snape's mother had
the maiden name "Prince" and she married a muggle; Hermione has
discovered why Severus Snape called himself "The Half-blood Prince."
(636-37). But perhaps Hermione has said more than she knows when she
says that "R.A.B." is about Snape.
As a potions genius, Snape might have known a way to neutralize the
potion while consuming it. He likewise might have known how to re-
fill the basin with fresh potion, after he had emptied it, and taken
the Horcrux.
I believe that Harry is correct in his prediction, "if I meet Severus
Snape along the way, so much the better for me, so much the worse for
him." (651) But how things work out between Snape and Harry will be
immensely more complex than Harry now understands.
I searched the web for "R.A.B." plus "legends." What I found was the
Croatian Island of Rab and the story of its patron saint, as told in
the Golden Legend. Written by Jacobus de Vorgaigne, the Golden Legend
is a 15th-century collection of biographies of saints and other pious
stories. In its heyday, it was published in every major European
language, and was second only to the Bible in popularity. The best-
seller offered fascinating stories of magicin the form of miraculous
relicswhich reinforced Christian faith.
Here is the story of Rab's patron:
Once there was a Canaanite named Reprobus, a huge man of "right
great stature" who bore "a terrible and fearful" countenance. He
decided "that he would seek the greatest prince that was in the
world, and him would he serve and obey." So first Reprobus served the
most powerful king in the world. But then he learned that the king
was afraid of the devil. So Reprobus left the king and went to find
the devil. Upon meeting him, Reprobus "took him for his master and
Lord." Later, Reprobus discovered that the devil was afraid of Christ.
So Reprobus left the devil, and asked a hermit to tell him how to
serve Christ. The hermit ordered him to use his great strength to
carry travelers across a nearby river. One day, he was carrying a
child, "And the water of the river arose and swelled more and more:
and the child was heavy as lead
And when he was escaped with great
pain, and passed the water, and set the child aground, he said to the
child: Child, thou hast put me in great peril; thou weighest almost
as I had all the world upon me, I might bear no greater burden." The
passenger revealed himself as the Christ-child, and gave Reprobus a
staff which could perform miracles.
The name of Reprobus ("wicked person") was changed to Christopher
("Christ-bearer"), the first usage of that name. Christopher and his
staff performed many miracles, converted thousands of souls, and, in
facing martyrdom bravely, converted still more.
I doubt that J.K. Rowling plans to work the Golden Legend directly
into volume 7, butgiven her extremely broad knowledge of literature
and of the inspiring myths and legends of Europeit is almost
impossible that she doesn't know the Golden Legend.
In any case, I expect that the final volume of the Harry Potter
series will complete the story of Severus Snape as a wicked man who
first served ordinary power, then Evil incarnate, and finallyby
courageously risking his own life and using his enormous talentswill
come face-to-face with the Right, as he is liberated from the burden
of his own sins, and liberates many other sinners as well.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
More by Kopel on Potter:
<a href="http://www.reason.com/hod/dk060404.shtml";>A Dementor
Short</a>. Mugglewear Casual mars Harry hat trick. Reason Online.
June 4, 2004. Review of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
movie.
<a href="http://www.davekopel.com/NRO/2003/Deconstructing-
Rowling.htm">Deconstructing Rowling. National Review Onlin</a>e. June
20, 2003. Review of The Hidden Key to Harry Potter, which
convincingly explicates the work as a series of Christian fiction, in
the tradition of Tolkein and Lewis.
<a href="http://www.davekopel.com/Media/RMN/2001/RUMORS-%20QUASH%
20ONE,%20FUEL%20ONE.htm">Rumors: Quash one, fuel one</a>. While
debunking Harry Potter author's Satanist 'quotes,' News promotes
drug's 'role' in deaths. Rocky Mountain News/Denver Post. Dec. 2,
2001.
<a
href="http://www.davekopel.com/NRO/2000/Mugglemania.htm";>Mugglemania.<
/a> Harry Potter is the ur-libertarian who just might save
civilization. National Review Online. July 22-23, 2000.
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