Dear All, Here are a few further experiments that illustrate other issues :
Input: सत्यमेव जयते Output: Truth always triumphs Input: Truth always triumphs Output: सत्यं सदा विजयते Input: सत्यं सदा विजयते Output: Truth always triumphs Input: C'est la réalité qui triomphe Output: Reality wins Input: C'est la réalité qui triomphe. Output: It is reality that triumphs. (The only difference between the last two inputs is the final period.) Input: Reality prevails. Input: La réalité l'emporte. Input: Reality alone prevails. Output: Seule la réalité prévaut. Input: Seule la réalité prévaut. Output: Only reality prevails. And, for fun, Prop. 12.21 from Brahmagupta's Braahmasphu.tasiddhaanta. Input: स्थूलफलं त्रिचतुर्भुजबाहुप्रतिबाहुयोगदलघातः। भुजयोगार्धचतुष्टयभुजोनघातात्पदं सूक्ष्मम् ॥ Output: The gross fruit is the three-four-arm arm-counter-arm combination team attack. The subtle step is from the impact of the four and a half arms of the Yoga of the arms. A correct translation is as follows (the four lines correspond to the four parts of this Arya verse): A crude value [indeed] of the area of a triquadrilateral Is the product of the half-sums of opposite sides ; Of a group consisting of four half-sums of the sides, from which The sides have been subtracted [in turn], the root of the product is the refined [value]. NB: There are quite a few technical terms here; taking some of them in their ordinary meaning leads to gibberish. "Pada" here is the square root (because the foot of a tree is its root). Yoga is here the sum. "Dala" is the half (literally, "broken (in half)"). A triquadrilateral is the figure obtained from a trilateral by adding a fourth vertex on its circumcircle. Tricaturbhuja is a neologism introduced by Brahmagupta that we translated by a neologism because there is no corresponding notion in English. Thus, Google Translate seems adequate at the स्थूल level, but may miss the सूक्ष्म. Reverting to general issues from an Indological or mathematical (or computer science) viewpoint, I would suggest offhand the following for discussion: (i) is the algorithm public or not? (Probably not, but who knows?) (ii) is there a public algorithm with comparable performance? (iii) what is the knowledge base (or training set in the sense of neural networks) of known algorithms? (iv) a possibly related issue is that there does not seem to be any equivalent for Indian languages of Chinese databases such as ctext.org for instance, that include many tools in addition to searching. For Sanskrit and Tamil, we are grateful to have what you can find on https://indology.info/external-resources/ including https://www.projectmadurai.org/ http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil.html https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/indexf.htm etc. For Sanskrit morphology and, to some extent, parsing, the situation is much better : https://sanskrit.inria.fr/DICO/ But such tools do not seem to have been integrated into other databases (so that, for instance, hovering the mouse over a word would suggest its grammatical nature, or suggest meanings -- such things exist in Chinese). This may require the text input into the database to integrate a modicum of grammatical analysis and therefore, what amounts to an implicit commentary. This may nonetheless be appropriate for research journals that could provide enriched versions of papers. Automated translation always requires some form of semantic input anyway, except for the crudest examples. Best regards, Satyanad Kichenassamy On Thu, 12 May 2022 16:48:48 -0400 Elliot Stern via INDOLOGY <[email protected]> wrote: > Aleksandar’s comment is spot on: > > > > Elliot M. Stern > 552 South 48th Street > Philadelphia, PA 19143-2029 > [email protected] > 267-240-8418 > > > On May 12, 2022, at 1:45 PM, Uskokov, Aleksandar via INDOLOGY > > <[email protected]> wrote: > > > > It will be a while before it becomes a philosopher -- > > > > Aleksandar Uskokov > > Lector in Sanskrit > > South Asian Studies Council, Yale University > > 203-432-1972 | [email protected] > > <mailto:[email protected]> > > > > Office Hours Sign-up: https://calendly.com/aleksandar-uskokov > > <https://calendly.com/aleksandar-uskokov> > > From: INDOLOGY <[email protected] > > <mailto:[email protected]>> on behalf of Madhav Deshpande > > via INDOLOGY <[email protected] > > <mailto:[email protected]>> > > Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2022 1:31 PM > > To: Dominik Wujastyk <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> > > Cc: Indology <[email protected] > > <mailto:[email protected]>> > > Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Google Translate for Sanskrit > > > > This is Google Translator for the first verse of Meghadūta: > > > > "Someone is neglected by the teacher of separation from his lover: > > Shapenastangmitamahima varshabhogyaena bhartu: > > The yaksha bathed Janaka's daughter in the holy waters > > I lived in the hermitages of Ramagiri among the lush shady trees." > > > > GT could not figure out the long compounds, and "guru" got translated as > > "teacher." The syntax of the verse is also missed. > > > > Madhav M. Deshpande > > Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics > > University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA > > Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies > > Adjunct Professor, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India > > > > [Residence: Campbell, California, USA] > > > > > > On Thu, May 12, 2022 at 10:17 AM Madhav Deshpande <[email protected] > > <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: > > <image.png> > > Madhav M. Deshpande > > Professor Emeritus, Sanskrit and Linguistics > > University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA > > Senior Fellow, Oxford Center for Hindu Studies > > Adjunct Professor, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India > > > > [Residence: Campbell, California, USA] > > > > > > On Thu, May 12, 2022 at 10:16 AM Dominik Wujastyk via INDOLOGY > > <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: > > It's quite remarkable: > > <image.png> > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > INDOLOGY mailing list > > [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > > https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology > > <https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flist.indology.info%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Findology&data=05%7C01%7Caleksandar.uskokov%40yale.edu%7C68ffc9acdc8241aa59d608da343d6b2e%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C637879735643840753%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=XN7lAO3%2B4CZr1hjpYDZY4y0AcEs0HCIrhj1vCDTcw9k%3D&reserved=0> > > <Screenshot 2022-05-12 134349.png> > > _______________________________________________ > > INDOLOGY mailing list > > [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > > https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology > > <https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology> > > > > > -- ********************************************** Satyanad KICHENASSAMY Professor of Mathematics Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Reims (CNRS, UMR9008) Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne F-51687 Reims Cedex 2 France Web: https://www.normalesup.org/~kichenassamy ********************************************** _______________________________________________ INDOLOGY mailing list [email protected] https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology
