Dear all, the earliest palm-roll in Nepal is from 11th century. The title of Bernhard Koelver’s book mentioned by Michael Witzel is: Documents from the Rudravarṇa-Mahāvihāra, Pāṭan. 1. Sales and mortgages. VGH-Wissenschaftsverlag, Sankt Augustin 1985 (Nepalica, Band 1). The Heidelberg Nepal Research Group is working on scanning and restituting a private collection of 430 palm rolls from the 13th to 18th century. The term candrikå is not used in this context.
The oldest palm leaf document from Nepal is probably described by Kamal P. Malla: “The Earliest Dated Document in Newari. The Palm leaf from Uku Bahãh NS 235/AD 1114”, Kailash 16 (1–2): 15–25. Best greetings Axel Michaels From: INDOLOGY <[email protected]> on behalf of "[email protected]" <[email protected]> Reply to: Michael Witzel <[email protected]> Date: Friday, 4. July 2025 at 09:20 To: Manu Francis <[email protected]> Cc: "[email protected]" <[email protected]> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Candrikā Dear all In Nepal we have hundreds of rolled up sealed palm leaf strips The oldest probably from 1,420 CE However they are tightly rolled up with no visible air space and then sealed. I will look for an example They usually contain records of land sales, rent and the like Many have been published by my late friend Bernhard Kölver I vaguely recall that even older ones have been found in a Patan/lalitpur monastery. Will look it up. Michael Witzel ( residence : Zushi Japan) Sent from my iPhone On Jul 4, 2025, at 00:04, Manu Francis via INDOLOGY <[email protected]> wrote: Dear Andrew, Here is an example of rolled and sealed leaves from the BnF: https://tst-project.github.io/mss/Indien_1037.xml<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__tst-2Dproject.github.io_mss_Indien-5F1037.xml&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=tFXzIbyKS2C0TpVqKsMrj46qwsAermBN5wzaDe51So0&m=ax6oUvcnJVS2Mzkju2Td4wx9zNbrTC0CYdJmW2zJiT7H4Kf4-H69vWokK72wLyd8&s=Js_HEXHX9HGHG_eqCdTd_Ul4qUpIK6fzo9wH43R2pQA&e=> And attached an article by Eva Wilden. See p. 70. Yours. Manu ----------------------------------------- Emmanuel FRANCIS-GONZE Chargé de recherche CNRS Centre d’études sud-asiatiques et himalayennes 2 Cours des Humanités 93322 AUBERVILLIERS bureau A222 ✆ 01 88 12 01 82 Online CV HAL<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__cv.archives-2Douvertes.fr_emmanuel-2Dfrancis&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=tFXzIbyKS2C0TpVqKsMrj46qwsAermBN5wzaDe51So0&m=ax6oUvcnJVS2Mzkju2Td4wx9zNbrTC0CYdJmW2zJiT7H4Kf4-H69vWokK72wLyd8&s=pLYiihZf9OYNnCbohQWxGhfuVeM0JQqx7_vvSzxGi84&e=> Le jeu. 3 juil. 2025 à 00:04, Andrew Ollett via INDOLOGY <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> a écrit : Dear colleagues, Another question: I've seen one reference (below) to something called a "candrikā" in Sanskrit that was apparently used as a kind of cover for a written palm-leaf. It has entered several dictionaries in this sense (Kannada candrike, Telugu candrika, Tamil cantirakam). Does anyone have any further references for this? Or some references for the practice of rolling up written palm leaves and sealing them, which I suspect is what's going on here? Primary sources: - Sundarī and Kamalā's Camatkārataraṅgiṇī<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__archive.org_details_in.ernet.dli.2015.79729_page_n179_mode_2up&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=tFXzIbyKS2C0TpVqKsMrj46qwsAermBN5wzaDe51So0&m=ax6oUvcnJVS2Mzkju2Td4wx9zNbrTC0CYdJmW2zJiT7H4Kf4-H69vWokK72wLyd8&s=-2GTyIK5UkFgkp72xBjM4k7flOWGBnxAxRt2VdB4Zhs&e=> (comm. on Rājaśēkhara's Viddhaśālabhañjikā) Andrew _______________________________________________ INDOLOGY mailing list [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]> https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology<https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__list.indology.info_mailman_listinfo_indology&d=DwMFaQ&c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&r=tFXzIbyKS2C0TpVqKsMrj46qwsAermBN5wzaDe51So0&m=ax6oUvcnJVS2Mzkju2Td4wx9zNbrTC0CYdJmW2zJiT7H4Kf4-H69vWokK72wLyd8&s=i0H-hT9FUcZT6uQy86-G_GzOfigFsLlLOFj9KGMJ8Ng&e=> _______________________________________________ INDOLOGY mailing list [email protected] https://list.indology.info/mailman/listinfo/indology
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