HI All,

I did read this document as part of my shepherding.

Very well written and to the point. Thank you.

I have a couple of nits that I put hereafter, marked with [LI].

Thanks

Luigi


> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet Area Working Group                                J. Chroboczek
> Internet-Draft                                 IRIF, University of Paris
> Intended status: Standards Track                               W. Kumari
> Expires: 2 March 2026                                        Google, LLC
>                                                     T. Høiland-Jørgensen
>                                                                  Red Hat
>                                                           29 August 2025
> 
> 
>                    IPv4 routes with an IPv6 next hop
>                     draft-ietf-intarea-v4-via-v6-03
> 
> Abstract
> 
>    This document proposes "v4-via-v6" routing, a technique that uses
>    IPv6 next-hop addresses for routing IPv4 packets, thus making it
>    possible to route IPv4 packets across a network where routers have
>    not been assigned IPv4 addresses.  The document both describes the
>    technique, as well as discussing its operational implications.
> 
> About This Document
> 
>    This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.
> 
>    The latest revision of this draft can be found at
>    https://wkumari.github.io/draft-chroboczek-intarea-v4-via-v6/draft-
>    ietf-intarea-v4-via-v6.html.  Status information for this document
>    may be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-
>    v4-via-v6/.
> 
>    Discussion of this document takes place on the Internet Area Working
>    Group Working Group mailing list (mailto:[email protected]), which is
>    archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/int-area/.
>    Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area/.
> 
>    Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
>    https://github.com/wkumari/draft-chroboczek-intarea-v4-via-v6.
> 
> Status of This Memo
> 
>    This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
>    provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
> 
>    Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
>    Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
>    working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
>    Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
>    Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
>    and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
>    time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
>    material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
> 
>    This Internet-Draft will expire on 2 March 2026.
> 
> Copyright Notice
> 
>    Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
>    document authors.  All rights reserved.
> 
>    This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
>    Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
>    license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
>    Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
>    and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
>    extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
>    described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
>    provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
> 
> Table of Contents
> 
>    1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
>    2.  Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
>    3.  Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
>      3.1.  Structure of the routing table  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
>      3.2.  Operation of the forwarding plane . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
>      3.3.  Operation of routing protocols  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
>    4.  ICMP Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
>    5.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
>      5.1.  Arista EOS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
>      5.2.  The Babel routing protocol  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
>      5.3.  Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
>        5.3.1.  Example:  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
>      5.4.  Mikrotik RouterOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
>        5.4.1.  Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
>      5.5.  Cisco NX-OS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
>    6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
>    7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
>    8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
>      8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
>      8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
>    Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
>    Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
>      Version 00-01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
>    Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
> 1.  Introduction
> 
>    The dominant form of routing in the Internet is next-hop routing,
>    where a routing protocol constructs a routing table which is used by
>    a forwarding process to forward packets.  The routing table is a data
>    structure that maps network prefixes in a given family (IPv4 or IPv6)
>    to next hops, pairs of an outgoing interface and a neighbor's network
>    address, for example:
> 
>        destination                      next hop
>      2001:db8:0:1::/64               eth0, fe80::1234:5678
>      203.0.113.0/24                  eth0, 192.0.2.1
> 
>    When a packet is routed according to a given routing table entry, the
>    forwarding plane uses a neighbor discovery protocol (the Neighbor
>    Discovery protocol (ND) [RFC4861] in the case of IPv6, the Address
>    Resolution Protocol (ARP) [RFC0826] in the case of IPv4) to map the
>    next-hop address to a link-layer address (a "MAC address"), which is
>    then used to construct the link-layer frames that encapsulate
>    forwarded packets.
> 
>    It is apparent from the description above that there is no
>    fundamental reason why the destination prefix and the next-hop
>    address should be in the same address family: there is nothing
>    preventing an IPv6 packet from being routed through a next hop with
>    an IPv4 address (in which case the next hop's MAC address will be
>    obtained using ARP), or, conversely, an IPv4 packet from being routed
>    through a next hop with an IPv6 address.  (In fact, it is even
>    possible to store link-layer addresses directly in the next-hop entry
>    of the routing table, thus avoiding the use of an address resolution
>    protocol altogether, which is commonly done in networks using the OSI
>    protocol suite.)
> 
>    This document focuses on the specific case of routing IPv4 packets
>    through an IPv6 next-hop.  This case is particularly interesting,
>    since it makes it possible to build networks that have no IPv4
>    addresses except at the edges and still provide IPv4 connectivity to
>    edge hosts.  In addition, since an IPv6 next hop can use a link-local
>    address that is autonomously configured, the use of such routes
>    enables a mode of operation where the network core has no statically
>    assigned IP addresses of either family, which significantly reduces
>    the amount of manual configuration required.  (See also [RFC7404] for
>    a discussion of the issues involved with such an approach.)
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
>    We call a route towards an IPv4 prefix that uses an IPv6 next hop a
>    "v4-via-v6" route.  V4-via-v6 routing is not restricted to routers,
>    and could usefully be applied to hosts, although doing so would
>    require solving the issue of host configuration, for example by
>    extending either DHCPv4 or DHCPv6 to publish an IPv4 default route
>    with an IPv6 next hop.

[LI] May be explicitly state that host configuration is out of the scope of 
this document.


> 
>    [RFC8950] discusses advertising of IPv4 NLRI with a next-hop address

[LI] s/NLRI/Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI)/


>    that belongs to the IPv6 protocol, but confines itself to how this is
>    carried and advertised in the BGP protocol.  This document, on the
>    other hand, discusses the concept of v4-via-v6 routes independently
>    of any specific routing protocol, their design and operational
>    considerations, and the implications of using them.
> 
>    { Editor note, to be removed before publication.  This document is
>    heavily based on draft-ietf-babel-v4viav6.  When draft-ietf-babel-
>    v4viav6 was going through IESG eval, Warren raised concerns that
>    something this fundamental deserved to be documented in a separate,
>    standalone document, so that it can be more fully discussed, and,
>    more importantly, referenced cleanly in the future.}
> 
> 2.  Conventions and Definitions
> 
>    The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
>    "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
>    "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
>    BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
>    capitals, as shown here.
> 
> 3.  Operation
> 
>    Next-hop routing is implemented by two separate components, the
>    routing protocol and the forwarding plane, that communicate through a
>    shared data structure, the routing table.
> 
> 3.1.  Structure of the routing table
> 
>    The routing table is a data structure that maps address prefixes to
>    next-hops, pairs of the form (interface, address).  In traditional
>    next-hop routing, the routing table maps IPv4 prefixes to IPv4 next
>    hops, and IPv6 addresses to IPv6 next hops.  With v4-via-v6 routing,
>    the routing table is extended so that an IPv4 prefix may map to
>    either an IPv6 or an IPv4 next hop.
> 
>    Resolution may be recursive: the next-hop may itself be a prefix that
>    requires further resolution to map to the outgoing interface and L2
>    address.  V4-via-v6 routing does not prevent recursive resolution.

[LI] Does this include any form of recursion or just v4 -> v6 -> v6 ….. etc ?
Can you clarify?

> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
> 3.2.  Operation of the forwarding plane
> 
>    The forwarding plane is the part of the routing implementation that
>    is executed for every forwarded packet.  As a packet arrives, the
>    forwarding plane consults the routing table, selects a single route
>    matching the packet, and forwards the packet through the outgoing
>    interface to the associated next-hop address.
> 
>    With v4-via-v6 routing, the address family of the next-hop address is
>    no longer determined by the address family of the prefix: since the
>    routing table may map an IPv4 prefix to either an IPv4 or an IPv6
>    next-hop, the forwarding plane must be able to determine, on a per-
>    packet basis, which address resolution protocol (ARP for IPv4, ND for
>    IPv6) to consult.
> 
> 3.3.  Operation of routing protocols
> 
>    The routing protocol is the part of the routing implementation that
>    is executed asynchronously from the forwarding plane, and whose role
>    is to build the routing table.  Since v4-via-v6 routing is a
>    generalization of traditional next-hop routing, v4-via-v6 can
>    interoperate with existing routing protocols: a traditional routing
>    protocol produces a traditional next-hop routing table, which can be
>    used by an implementation supporting v4-via-v6 routing.
> 
>    However, in order to use the additional flexibility provided by
>    v4-via-v6 routing, routing protocols need to be extended with the
>    ability to populate the routing table with v4-via-v6 routes when an
>    IPv4 address is not available or when the available IPv4 addresses
>    are not suitable for use as a next-hop.
> 
>    Some protocols already support the advertisement of IPv4 routes with
>    an IPv6 next-hop, including Babel [RFC8966] and BGP [RFC8950].  Other
>    protocol advertise both IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes over a single
>    neighbor; these include: * Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF
>    ([RFC4915]) * Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in IS-IS ([RFC5120]) While
>    both of these employ a common control plane, they use separate data
>    planes, and therefore don't implement v4-via-v6 routing.
> 
> 4.  ICMP Considerations
> 
>    The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv4, or simply ICMP)
>    [RFC0792] is a protocol related to IPv4 that is primarily used to
>    carry diagnostic and debugging information.  ICMPv4 packets may be
>    originated by end hosts (e.g., the "destination unreachable, port
>    unreachable" ICMPv4 packet), but they may also be originated by
>    intermediate routers (e.g., most other kinds of "destination
>    unreachable" packets).
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
>    Some protocols deployed in the Internet rely on ICMPv4 packets sent
>    by intermediate routers.  Most notably, path MTU Discovery (PMTUd)
>    [RFC1191] is an algorithm executed by end hosts to discover the
>    maximum packet size that a route is able to carry.  While there exist
>    variants of PMTUd that are purely end-to-end [RFC4821], the variant
>    most commonly deployed in the Internet has a hard dependency on
>    ICMPv4 packets originated by intermediate routers: if intermediate
>    routers are unable to send ICMPv4 packets, PMTUd may lead to
>    persistent black-holing of IPv4 traffic.
> 
>    A router must therefore be able to generate ICMP Destination
>    Unreachable messages ([RFC1812] Section 5.2.7.1).  The source address
>    of these messages must be one of the addresses assigned to the
>    outgoing interface; if no such address has been assigned, then one of
>    the other addresses assigned to the router, known as the "router-id",
>    must be used ([RFC1812] Section 4.3.2.4).
> 
>    Routers implementing the mechanism described in this document do not
>    need to have any IPv4 addresses assigned to any of their interfaces,
>    and RFC 1812 does not specify what happens if no router-id has been

[LI] ANy reason why “RFC 1812” is not in brackets?


>    assigned.  If a router does not have any IPv4 addresses assigned, the
>    router MUST use the dummy address 192.0.0.8 as the source address of
>    outgoing ICMP packets ([RFC7600], Section 4.8, Requirement R-22).
> 
>    Using the dummy address as the source of ICMPv4 packet causes a
>    number of drawbacks:
> 
>    *  using the same address on multiple routers may hamper debugging
>       and fault isolation, e.g., when using the "traceroute" utility
>       (but see {I-D.draft-ietf-intarea-extended-icmp-nodeid} for a
>       possible solution to this problem);
> 
>    *  packets originating from 192.0.0.8 might be considered as spoofed
>       traffic and dropped by firewalls at network boundaries.
> 
>    For these reasons, even if a router performs v4-via-v6 routing on all
>    interfaces, it SHOULD be assigned at least one IPv4 address.
> 
> 5.  Implementation Status
> 
>    ( This section to be removed before publication. )
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
>    As this document does not really define a protocol, this
>    implementation status section is much less formal.  Instead, it is
>    being used as a place to list implementations that are known to
>    support this functionality, examples, notes, etc.  This information
>    is provided as a guide to the reader, and is not intended to be a
>    complete list, nor endorsement, etc.  If you know of an
>    implementation which is not listed, please let the authors know.
> 
> 5.1.  Arista EOS
> 
>    Arista has supported static IPv4 routes with IPv6 nexthops since EOS-
>    4.30.1.
> 
> 5.2.  The Babel routing protocol
> 
>    As noted above, this document is heavily based on RFC9229 (nee draft-
>    ietf-babel-v4viav6), and this functionality is supported by babeld.
> 
>    Pasted below is email sent to the babel mailing list (archived at
>    https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/babel/
>    QtFi3F4TFfF7fXXlkHSpEnuT44Y/)
> 
>    A route across three IPv6-only nodes:
> 
>   $ ip route show 10.0.0.2
>   10.0.0.2 via inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe00:1 dev lxcbr0 proto babel onlink
> 
>    Here's how it's logged by babeld:
> 
>   10.0.0.2/32 from 0.0.0.0/0 metric 384 (384) refmetric 288 id
>   02:16:3e:ff:fe:9a:5e:22 seqno 36425 chan (255) age 15 via lxcbr0 neigh
>   fe80::216:3eff:fe00:1 (installed)
> 
>    Traceroute is a little confusing:
> 
>    $ traceroute 10.0.0.2
>    traceroute to 10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
>     1  192.0.0.8 (192.0.0.8)  0.079 ms  0.019 ms  0.014 ms
>     2  192.0.0.8 (192.0.0.8)  0.040 ms  0.023 ms  0.042 ms
>     3  192.0.0.8 (192.0.0.8)  0.061 ms  0.030 ms  0.030 ms
>     4  10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2)  0.060 ms  0.040 ms  0.039 ms
> 
>    PMTUD works fine (thanks to Toke):
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Chroboczek, et al.        Expires 2 March 2026                  [Page 7]
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> 
> 
>    19:58:47.402871 IP 192.168.0.27.60046 > 10.0.0.2.22: Flags [.],\
>    seq 33:1481, ack 33, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 917354570\
>    ecr 1849974691], length 1448
>    19:58:47.402874 IP 192.168.0.27.60046 > 10.0.0.2.22: Flags [P.],\
>    seq 1481:1537, ack 33, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 917354570\
>    ecr 1849974691], length 56
>    19:58:47.402906 IP 192.0.0.8 > 192.168.0.27: ICMP 10.0.0.2 \
>    unreachable- need to frag (mtu 1420), length 556
>    19:58:47.402919 IP 10.0.0.2.22 > 192.168.0.27.60046: Flags [.],\
>    ack 33, win 509, options [nop,nop,TS val 1849974692 \
>    ecr 917354569,nop,nop,sac 1 {1481:1537}], length 0
>    19:58:47.402934 IP 192.168.0.27.60046 > 10.0.0.2.22: Flags [.], \
>    seq 33:1401, ack 33, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 917354570 \
>    ecr 1849974692], length 1368
> 
>    -- Juliusz
> 
> 5.3.  Linux
> 
>    Linux has supported v4-via-v6 routes since kernel version 5.2,
>    released on 2019-07-07.
> 
> 5.3.1.  Example:
> 
>    rincewind ~ #
>    ip -4 r a 192.0.2.23/32 via inet6 2001:db8::2342
> 
>    rincewind ~ # ip r s 192.0.2.23/32
>    192.0.2.23 via inet6 2001:db8::2342 dev wlp36s0.25
> 
> 5.4.  Mikrotik RouterOS
> 
>    Mikrotik RouterOS has supported v4-via-v6 routes since (at least)
>    version 7.11beta2
> 
>    {Editor note: I'm not sure when support was added.  I tested this in
>    Version 7.11beta2, and it worked there, but I believe that this
>    functionality has existed for a while.  I'll try to find out when it
>    was added.}
> 
> 5.4.1.  Example
> 
>   [wkumari@Dulles-CCR] /ip/route> print
>   Flags: D - DYNAMIC; I - INACTIVE, A - ACTIVE; c - CONNECT, s - STATIC,
>   d -DHCP, v - VPN; H - HW-OFFLOADED
>   Columns: DST-ADDRESS, GATEWAY, DISTANCE
>   #      DST-ADDRESS       GATEWAY                             DISTANCE
>   0  As  192.0.2.0/24      fe80::201:5cff:feb2:1646%1_Comcast         1
> 
> 
> 
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> 
> 
> 5.5.  Cisco NX-OS
> 
>    Cisco NX-OS has supported v4-via-v6 routes "for more than 8 years" --
>    Krishnaswamy Ananthamurthy
> 
> 6.  Security Considerations
> 
>    The techniques described in this document make routing more flexible
>    by allowing IPv4 routes to propagate across a section of a network
>    that has only been assigned IPv6 addresses.  This additional
>    flexibility might invalidate otherwise reasonable assumptions made by
>    network administrators, which could potentially cause security
>    issues.
> 
>    For example, if an island of IPv4-only hosts is separated from the
>    IPv4 Internet by routers that have not been assigned IPv4 addresses,
>    a network administrator might reasonably assume that the IPv4-only
>    hosts are unreachable from the IPv4 Internet.  This assumption is
>    broken if the intermediary routers implement v4-via-v6 routing, which
>    might make the IPv4-only hosts reachable from the IPv4 Internet.  If
>    this is not desirable, then the network administrator must filter out
>    the undesirable traffic in the forwarding plane by implementing
>    suitable packet filtering rules.
> 
> 7.  IANA Considerations
> 
>    This document has no IANA actions.
> 
> 8.  References
> 
> 8.1.  Normative References
> 
>    [RFC1812]  Baker, F., Ed., "Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers",
>               RFC 1812, DOI 10.17487/RFC1812, June 1995,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1812>.
> 
>    [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
>               Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
> 
>    [RFC7600]  Despres, R., Jiang, S., Ed., Penno, R., Lee, Y., Chen, G.,
>               and M. Chen, "IPv4 Residual Deployment via IPv6 - A
>               Stateless Solution (4rd)", RFC 7600, DOI 10.17487/RFC7600,
>               July 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7600>.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Chroboczek, et al.        Expires 2 March 2026                  [Page 9]
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> 
> 
>    [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
>               2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
>               May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
> 
> 8.2.  Informative References
> 
>    [I-D.draft-ietf-intarea-extended-icmp-nodeid]
>               Fenner, B. and R. Thomas, "Adding Extensions to ICMP
>               Errors for Originating Node Identification", Work in
>               Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-intarea-extended-
>               icmp-nodeid-04, 19 August 2025,
>               <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-intarea-
>               extended-icmp-nodeid-04>.
> 
>    [IANA-IPV4-REGISTRY]
>               "IANA IPv4 Address Registry", Web 
>               https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-
>               registry/.
> 
>    [RFC0792]  Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5,
>               RFC 792, DOI 10.17487/RFC0792, September 1981,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc792>.
> 
>    [RFC0826]  Plummer, D., "An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol: Or
>               Converting Network Protocol Addresses to 48.bit Ethernet
>               Address for Transmission on Ethernet Hardware", STD 37,
>               RFC 826, DOI 10.17487/RFC0826, November 1982,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc826>.
> 
>    [RFC1191]  Mogul, J. and S. Deering, "Path MTU discovery", RFC 1191,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC1191, November 1990,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1191>.
> 
>    [RFC4821]  Mathis, M. and J. Heffner, "Packetization Layer Path MTU
>               Discovery", RFC 4821, DOI 10.17487/RFC4821, March 2007,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4821>.
> 
>    [RFC4861]  Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman,
>               "Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC4861, September 2007,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4861>.
> 
>    [RFC4915]  Psenak, P., Mirtorabi, S., Roy, A., Nguyen, L., and P.
>               Pillay-Esnault, "Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF",
>               RFC 4915, DOI 10.17487/RFC4915, June 2007,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4915>.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Chroboczek, et al.        Expires 2 March 2026                 [Page 10]
> Internet-Draft                  v4-via-v6                    August 2025
> 
> 
>    [RFC5120]  Przygienda, T., Shen, N., and N. Sheth, "M-ISIS: Multi
>               Topology (MT) Routing in Intermediate System to
>               Intermediate Systems (IS-ISs)", RFC 5120,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC5120, February 2008,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5120>.
> 
>    [RFC7404]  Behringer, M. and E. Vyncke, "Using Only Link-Local
>               Addressing inside an IPv6 Network", RFC 7404,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC7404, November 2014,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7404>.
> 
>    [RFC8950]  Litkowski, S., Agrawal, S., Ananthamurthy, K., and K.
>               Patel, "Advertising IPv4 Network Layer Reachability
>               Information (NLRI) with an IPv6 Next Hop", RFC 8950,
>               DOI 10.17487/RFC8950, November 2020,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8950>.
> 
>    [RFC8966]  Chroboczek, J. and D. Schinazi, "The Babel Routing
>               Protocol", RFC 8966, DOI 10.17487/RFC8966, January 2021,
>               <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8966>.
> 
>    [RFC9229]  Chroboczek, J., "IPv4 Routes with an IPv6 Next Hop in the
>               Babel Routing Protocol", RFC 9229, DOI 10.17487/RFC9229,
>               May 2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9229>.
> 
> Acknowledgments
> 
>    We are grateful to nnJoe Abley, Krishnaswamy Ananthamurthy, Bill
>    Fenner, Tobias Fiebig, John Gilmore, Bob Hinden, David Lamparter,
>    Gyan Mishra, tom petch, Herbie Robinson, Behcet Sarikaya, David
>    Schinazi, Ole Troan, and Éric Vyncke, for their helpful comments and
>    suggestions on this document.  We are also indebted to the members of
>    the Babel community for the discussions that led to the creation of
>    this document.
> 
> Changes
> 
>    This section is to be removed before publication, and the primary
>    change log is the git repository.  This is just a place to note some
>    of the more substantive changes.
> 
> Version 00-01
> 
>    *  Added note that this works just as well for IPv6 routes with an
>       IPv4 next hop. (Éric Vyncke)
> 
>    *  Cisco NX-OS has supported v4-via-v6 routes "for more than 8 years"
>       (Krishnaswamy Ananthamurthy)
> 
> 
> 
> Chroboczek, et al.        Expires 2 March 2026                 [Page 11]
> Internet-Draft                  v4-via-v6                    August 2025
> 
> 
>    *  Mention recursive next hops, and that the next hop may be a
>       prefix.  (Krishnaswamy Ananthamurthy)
> 
>    *  Hosts are routers too!  (David Lamparter)
> 
>    *  Removed the claim that it's mainly a UI issue.
> 
> Authors' Addresses
> 
>    Juliusz Chroboczek
>    IRIF, University of Paris
>    Case 7014
>    75205 Paris Cedex 13
>    France
>    Email: [email protected]
> 
> 
>    Warren Kumari
>    Google, LLC
>    Email: [email protected]
> 
> 
>    Toke Høiland-Jørgensen
>    Red Hat
>    Email: [email protected]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
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> 
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> 
> 
> Chroboczek, et al.        Expires 2 March 2026                 [Page 12]

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