ppkarwasz commented on code in PR #776:
URL: https://github.com/apache/commons-io/pull/776#discussion_r2337088732


##########
src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java:
##########
@@ -2637,57 +2652,65 @@ public static BufferedReader toBufferedReader(final 
Reader reader, final int siz
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a {@code byte[]}.
-     * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a 
{@link BufferedInputStream}.
-     * </p>
+     * Reads all the bytes from an input stream in a byte array.
      *
-     * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @return the requested byte array.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs or reading more 
than {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE} occurs.
+     * <p>The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to 
the number
+     * of bytes read, which is only limited by {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. This 
makes it unsuitable for
+     * processing large input streams, unless sufficient heap space is 
available.</p>
+     *
+     * @param inputStream The {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code 
null}.
+     * @return A new byte array.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the size of the stream is greater 
than the maximum array size.
+     * @throws IOException              If an I/O error occurs while reading.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     If {@code inputStream} is {@code null}.
      */
     public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream inputStream) throws 
IOException {
-        // We use a ThresholdingOutputStream to avoid reading AND writing more 
than Integer.MAX_VALUE.
-        try (UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream ubaOutput = 
UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.builder().get();
-                ThresholdingOutputStream thresholdOutput = new 
ThresholdingOutputStream(Integer.MAX_VALUE, os -> {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("Cannot 
read more than %,d into a byte array", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
-                }, os -> ubaOutput)) {
-            copy(inputStream, thresholdOutput);
-            return ubaOutput.toByteArray();
+        final UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream output =
+                copyToOutputStream(inputStream, MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH + 1, 
DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE);
+        if (output.size() > MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    String.format("Cannot read more than %,d into a byte 
array", MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH));
         }
+        return output.toByteArray();
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a {@code byte[]}. Use 
this method instead of
-     * {@link #toByteArray(InputStream)} when {@link InputStream} size is 
known.
+     * Reads exactly {@code size} bytes from the given {@link InputStream} 
into a new {@code byte[]}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param size the size of {@link InputStream} to read, where 0 &lt; 
{@code size} &lt;= length of input stream.
-     * @return byte [] of length {@code size}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs or {@link InputStream} 
length is smaller than parameter {@code size}.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is less than zero.
+     * <p>The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to 
the number

Review Comment:
   Yes, I borrowed the **proportional** keyword, which seems to be the magical 
word to dismiss DoS reports.
   
   Of course `<bytes read> + Integer.MAX_VALUE` is also proportional to the 
number of bytes read. :wink:



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