rdblue commented on a change in pull request #922:
URL: https://github.com/apache/incubator-iceberg/pull/922#discussion_r430019241



##########
File path: api/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/TestPartitionSpecValidation.java
##########
@@ -241,11 +241,25 @@ public void 
testAddPartitionFieldsWithAndWithoutFieldIds() {
         .add(1, "id_partition2", "bucket[5]")
         .add(1, 1005, "id_partition1", "bucket[4]")
         .truncate("s", 1, "custom_truncate")
+        .add(1, 1002, "id_partition3", "bucket[3]")
         .build();
 
     Assert.assertEquals(1000, spec.fields().get(0).fieldId());
     Assert.assertEquals(1005, spec.fields().get(1).fieldId());
     Assert.assertEquals(1006, spec.fields().get(2).fieldId());
+    Assert.assertEquals(1002, spec.fields().get(3).fieldId());
     Assert.assertEquals(1006, spec.lastAssignedFieldId());
   }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testAddPartitionFieldsWithInvalidFieldId() {

Review comment:
       Good call adding this test and the fix.

##########
File path: core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/PartitionSpecUpdate.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.iceberg;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * PartitionSpec evolution API implementation.
+ */
+class PartitionSpecUpdate implements UpdatePartitionSpec {
+
+  private final TableMetadata base;
+  private final TableOperations ops;
+  private PartitionSpec.Builder newSpecBuilder = null;
+
+  PartitionSpecUpdate(TableOperations ops) {
+    this.ops = ops;
+    this.base = ops.current();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public PartitionSpec apply() {
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(newSpecBuilder, "new partition spec is not 
set");
+    return newSpecBuilder.build();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public UpdatePartitionSpec newSpec() {

Review comment:
       I don't think it is a good idea to have a new spec "mode" in this API. 
By adding `newSpec`, we are splitting the API into two: one that is 
change-based and one that is a complete replacement. The methods added for the 
replacement mode aren't used for the change-based mode, which we can see from 
the `Preconditions` here. I think this is going to cause unnecessary confusion 
for callers.
   
   If we want to support the use case of completely replacing the current spec, 
then all we need is a `clear` method and then we can use the change-based 
methods:
   
   ```java
   table.updateSpec()
       .clear()
       .addField(date("ts"))
       .addField(bucket("id", 24))
       .commit();
   ```
   
   I'm not sure we want to completely replace a spec, but I don't think we want 
to have two APIs in this update operation either way.




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