danielcweeks commented on code in PR #15630:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/15630#discussion_r3082707574


##########
format/spec.md:
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@@ -123,6 +139,35 @@ Tables do not require random-access writes. Once written, 
data and metadata file
 
 Tables do not require rename, except for tables that use atomic rename to 
implement the commit operation for new metadata files.
 
+### Paths in Metadata
+
+Path strings stored in Iceberg metadata files are classified as one of two 
types:
+
+* **Absolute path** -- A path string that includes a [URI 
scheme](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.1) (e.g., 
`s3://`, `gs://`, `hdfs://`, `file:///`). Absolute paths are used as-is without 
modification.
+* **Relative path** -- A path string that does not include a URI scheme. 
Relative paths must be resolved against the table's base location before use.
+
+Prior to v4, all path fields must contain absolute paths. Starting with v4, 
path fields may contain either absolute or relative paths. Directory navigation 
symbols (`.` and `..`) and other file system conventions are not supported in 
relative paths.

Review Comment:
   @mxm Unfortunately, I don't think we can require that implementations reject 
these paths.  They're already supported by some of the underlying 
implementations, so adding a restriction may not be compatible. 
   
   As @rdblue pointed out above, the sequences are actually valid for some 
storage implementations.  For example, S3 will allow a key with `..`, but it 
doesn't treat it as navigation, but rather as part of the key sequence.
   
   The intent here is to not support usage of character sequences for the 
purposes of file system handling or navigation that some file systems support.  
It's a little hard to explicitly enforce this.



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