laskoviymishka commented on code in PR #1068:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-go/pull/1068#discussion_r3236917950


##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag.go:
##########
@@ -19,21 +19,135 @@ package main
 
 import (
        "context"
+       "encoding/json"
        "errors"
+       "fmt"
        "os"
 
        "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/catalog"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
 )
 
-func runBranch(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ 
*BranchCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("branch: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runBranch(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*BranchCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runBranchCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func runTag(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ *TagCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("tag: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runTag(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runTagCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func (textOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
-func (jsonOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
+func runBranchCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, 
cmd *BranchCreateCmd) {
+       tbl := loadTable(ctx, output, cat, cmd.TableID)
+       meta := tbl.Metadata()
+
+       snapshotID := resolveSnapshotID(output, tbl, cmd.SnapshotID)
+
+       var maxRefAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxRefAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxRefAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-ref-age: %w", 
err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxRefAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var maxSnapshotAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxSnapshotAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxSnapshotAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-snapshot-age: 
%w", err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxSnapshotAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var minSnapshotsToKeep int
+       if cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep != nil {
+               minSnapshotsToKeep = *cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep
+       }
+
+       update := table.NewSetSnapshotRefUpdate(cmd.BranchName, snapshotID, 
table.BranchRef,
+               maxRefAgeMs, maxSnapshotAgeMs, minSnapshotsToKeep)
+       reqs := []table.Requirement{table.AssertTableUUID(meta.TableUUID())}

Review Comment:
   Requirements slice is just `AssertTableUUID`, so `branch create` silently 
overwrites an existing ref — `iceberg branch create db.t main --snapshot-id 
999` rewrites `main`. Two-part fix:
   
   1. Pre-flight check `meta.Refs()` for `cmd.BranchName` and error out with 
`ref %q already exists` if present.
   2. Add `table.AssertRefSnapshotID(cmd.BranchName, nil)` to `reqs` so REST 
catalogs reject concurrent creates server-side too.
   
   Java's `UpdateSnapshotReferencesOperation.createBranch` uses 
`Preconditions.checkArgument(existingRef == null, ...)`; PyIceberg's 
`create_branch` emits `AssertRefSnapshotId(snapshot_id=None, ref=ref_name)`. 
Same applies to `runTagCreate` below (line 115).



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag.go:
##########
@@ -19,21 +19,135 @@ package main
 
 import (
        "context"
+       "encoding/json"
        "errors"
+       "fmt"
        "os"
 
        "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/catalog"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
 )
 
-func runBranch(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ 
*BranchCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("branch: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runBranch(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*BranchCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runBranchCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func runTag(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ *TagCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("tag: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runTag(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runTagCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func (textOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
-func (jsonOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
+func runBranchCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, 
cmd *BranchCreateCmd) {

Review Comment:
   `BranchCreateCmd` and `TagCreateCmd` are the only write commands in the 
series without a `Yes bool` / `confirmAction` gate. Once the existence check 
above is added the destructive surface shrinks, but the pattern asymmetry will 
surprise the next contributor. Add `Yes bool \`help:"skip confirmation 
prompt"\`` to both structs in `maintenance.go` and call `confirmAction("Create 
branch %s on %s?", cmd.Yes)` before `CommitTable`.



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag.go:
##########
@@ -19,21 +19,135 @@ package main
 
 import (
        "context"
+       "encoding/json"
        "errors"
+       "fmt"
        "os"
 
        "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/catalog"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
 )
 
-func runBranch(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ 
*BranchCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("branch: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runBranch(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*BranchCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runBranchCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func runTag(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ *TagCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("tag: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runTag(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runTagCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func (textOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
-func (jsonOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
+func runBranchCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, 
cmd *BranchCreateCmd) {
+       tbl := loadTable(ctx, output, cat, cmd.TableID)
+       meta := tbl.Metadata()
+
+       snapshotID := resolveSnapshotID(output, tbl, cmd.SnapshotID)
+
+       var maxRefAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxRefAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxRefAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-ref-age: %w", 
err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxRefAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var maxSnapshotAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxSnapshotAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxSnapshotAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-snapshot-age: 
%w", err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxSnapshotAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var minSnapshotsToKeep int
+       if cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep != nil {
+               minSnapshotsToKeep = *cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep
+       }
+
+       update := table.NewSetSnapshotRefUpdate(cmd.BranchName, snapshotID, 
table.BranchRef,
+               maxRefAgeMs, maxSnapshotAgeMs, minSnapshotsToKeep)
+       reqs := []table.Requirement{table.AssertTableUUID(meta.TableUUID())}
+
+       if _, _, err := cat.CommitTable(ctx, tbl.Identifier(), reqs, 
[]table.Update{update}); err != nil {
+               output.Error(fmt.Errorf("create branch failed: %w", err))

Review Comment:
   `"create branch failed"` (and `"create tag failed"` at line 118) inverts the 
verb/object order used everywhere else in this package — `"failed to create 
table"`, `"failed to parse properties"`, etc. Suggested: `fmt.Errorf("failed to 
create branch: %w", err)` for grep consistency.



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag.go:
##########
@@ -19,21 +19,135 @@ package main
 
 import (
        "context"
+       "encoding/json"
        "errors"
+       "fmt"
        "os"
 
        "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/catalog"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
 )
 
-func runBranch(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ 
*BranchCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("branch: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runBranch(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*BranchCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runBranchCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func runTag(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ *TagCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("tag: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runTag(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runTagCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func (textOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
-func (jsonOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
+func runBranchCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, 
cmd *BranchCreateCmd) {
+       tbl := loadTable(ctx, output, cat, cmd.TableID)
+       meta := tbl.Metadata()
+
+       snapshotID := resolveSnapshotID(output, tbl, cmd.SnapshotID)
+
+       var maxRefAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxRefAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxRefAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-ref-age: %w", 
err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxRefAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var maxSnapshotAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxSnapshotAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxSnapshotAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-snapshot-age: 
%w", err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxSnapshotAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var minSnapshotsToKeep int
+       if cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep != nil {
+               minSnapshotsToKeep = *cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep
+       }
+
+       update := table.NewSetSnapshotRefUpdate(cmd.BranchName, snapshotID, 
table.BranchRef,
+               maxRefAgeMs, maxSnapshotAgeMs, minSnapshotsToKeep)
+       reqs := []table.Requirement{table.AssertTableUUID(meta.TableUUID())}
+
+       if _, _, err := cat.CommitTable(ctx, tbl.Identifier(), reqs, 
[]table.Update{update}); err != nil {
+               output.Error(fmt.Errorf("create branch failed: %w", err))
+               os.Exit(1)
+       }
+
+       output.RefCreated(RefCreatedResult{
+               Table:      tableIDString(tbl),
+               RefName:    cmd.BranchName,
+               RefType:    string(table.BranchRef),
+               SnapshotID: snapshotID,
+       })
+}
+
+func runTagCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCreateCmd) {
+       tbl := loadTable(ctx, output, cat, cmd.TableID)
+       meta := tbl.Metadata()
+
+       snapshotID := resolveSnapshotID(output, tbl, cmd.SnapshotID)
+
+       var maxRefAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxRefAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxRefAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-ref-age: %w", 
err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxRefAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       update := table.NewSetSnapshotRefUpdate(cmd.TagName, snapshotID, 
table.TagRef,
+               maxRefAgeMs, 0, 0)
+       reqs := []table.Requirement{table.AssertTableUUID(meta.TableUUID())}
+
+       if _, _, err := cat.CommitTable(ctx, tbl.Identifier(), reqs, 
[]table.Update{update}); err != nil {
+               output.Error(fmt.Errorf("create tag failed: %w", err))
+               os.Exit(1)
+       }
+
+       output.RefCreated(RefCreatedResult{
+               Table:      tableIDString(tbl),
+               RefName:    cmd.TagName,
+               RefType:    string(table.TagRef),
+               SnapshotID: snapshotID,
+       })
+}
+
+func resolveSnapshotID(output Output, tbl *table.Table, explicit *int64) int64 
{
+       if explicit != nil {
+               return *explicit

Review Comment:
   When `explicit != nil` the value is returned without checking it exists in 
the metadata. The catalog will reject it eventually, but the resulting error is 
a wrapped REST failure rather than the clear `snapshot %d not found` you'd get 
pre-flight. `meta.SnapshotByID` is already used elsewhere in this file; one 
extra check here is consistent with how the rollback PR (#1071) handles the 
same case.



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag.go:
##########
@@ -19,21 +19,135 @@ package main
 
 import (
        "context"
+       "encoding/json"
        "errors"
+       "fmt"
        "os"
 
        "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/catalog"
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
 )
 
-func runBranch(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ 
*BranchCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("branch: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runBranch(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*BranchCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runBranchCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func runTag(_ context.Context, output Output, _ catalog.Catalog, _ *TagCmd) {
-       output.Error(errors.New("tag: not yet implemented"))
-       os.Exit(1)
+func runTag(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, cmd 
*TagCmd) {
+       switch {
+       case cmd.Create != nil:
+               runTagCreate(ctx, output, cat, cmd.Create)
+       }
 }
 
-func (textOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
-func (jsonOutput) RefCreated(_ RefCreatedResult) {}
+func runBranchCreate(ctx context.Context, output Output, cat catalog.Catalog, 
cmd *BranchCreateCmd) {
+       tbl := loadTable(ctx, output, cat, cmd.TableID)
+       meta := tbl.Metadata()
+
+       snapshotID := resolveSnapshotID(output, tbl, cmd.SnapshotID)
+
+       var maxRefAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxRefAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxRefAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-ref-age: %w", 
err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxRefAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var maxSnapshotAgeMs int64
+       if cmd.MaxSnapshotAge != "" {
+               d, err := parseDuration(cmd.MaxSnapshotAge)
+               if err != nil {
+                       output.Error(fmt.Errorf("invalid --max-snapshot-age: 
%w", err))
+                       os.Exit(1)
+               }
+
+               maxSnapshotAgeMs = d.Milliseconds()
+       }
+
+       var minSnapshotsToKeep int
+       if cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep != nil {
+               minSnapshotsToKeep = *cmd.MinSnapshotsToKeep
+       }
+
+       update := table.NewSetSnapshotRefUpdate(cmd.BranchName, snapshotID, 
table.BranchRef,
+               maxRefAgeMs, maxSnapshotAgeMs, minSnapshotsToKeep)
+       reqs := []table.Requirement{table.AssertTableUUID(meta.TableUUID())}
+
+       if _, _, err := cat.CommitTable(ctx, tbl.Identifier(), reqs, 
[]table.Update{update}); err != nil {
+               output.Error(fmt.Errorf("create branch failed: %w", err))
+               os.Exit(1)
+       }
+
+       output.RefCreated(RefCreatedResult{
+               Table:      tableIDString(tbl),
+               RefName:    cmd.BranchName,
+               RefType:    string(table.BranchRef),
+               SnapshotID: snapshotID,

Review Comment:
   `RefCreatedResult` (defined in `maintenance.go`) emits only `table`, 
`ref_name`, `ref_type`, `snapshot_id` — not the retention values that were 
committed. A script consuming the JSON has no way to verify what 
`max_ref_age_ms`, `max_snapshot_age_ms`, `min_snapshots_to_keep` actually 
landed. Echo them back in the result struct (with `omitempty` so the tag path 
stays clean).



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag_test.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+       "bytes"
+       "os"
+       "testing"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+const branchTagTestMetadata = `{
+    "format-version": 2,
+    "table-uuid": "9c12d441-03fe-4693-9a96-a0705ddf69c1",
+    "location": "s3://bucket/test/location",
+    "last-sequence-number": 1,
+    "last-updated-ms": 1602638573590,
+    "last-column-id": 1,
+    "current-schema-id": 0,
+    "schemas": [
+        {"type": "struct", "schema-id": 0, "fields": [{"id": 1, "name": "x", 
"required": true, "type": "long"}]}
+    ],
+    "default-spec-id": 0,
+    "partition-specs": [{"spec-id": 0, "fields": []}],
+    "last-partition-id": 0,
+    "default-sort-order-id": 0,
+    "sort-orders": [{"order-id": 0, "fields": []}],
+    "properties": {},
+    "current-snapshot-id": 5000,
+    "snapshots": [
+        {"snapshot-id": 5000, "timestamp-ms": 1615100955770, 
"sequence-number": 1, "summary": {"operation": "append"}, "manifest-list": 
"s3://a/b/1.avro", "schema-id": 0}
+    ],
+    "snapshot-log": [],
+    "metadata-log": [],
+    "refs": {"main": {"snapshot-id": 5000, "type": "branch"}}
+}`
+
+func TestResolveSnapshotIDExplicit(t *testing.T) {
+       meta, err := table.ParseMetadataBytes([]byte(branchTagTestMetadata))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+
+       tbl := table.New([]string{"db", "tbl"}, meta, "", nil, nil)
+       explicit := int64(1234)
+
+       result := resolveSnapshotID(textOutput{}, tbl, &explicit)
+       assert.Equal(t, int64(1234), result)
+}
+
+func TestResolveSnapshotIDCurrent(t *testing.T) {
+       meta, err := table.ParseMetadataBytes([]byte(branchTagTestMetadata))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+
+       tbl := table.New([]string{"db", "tbl"}, meta, "", nil, nil)
+
+       result := resolveSnapshotID(textOutput{}, tbl, nil)
+       assert.Equal(t, int64(5000), result)
+}
+
+func TestTextOutputRefCreated(t *testing.T) {
+       var buf bytes.Buffer
+       pterm.SetDefaultOutput(&buf)
+       pterm.DisableColor()
+
+       result := RefCreatedResult{
+               Table:      "db.events",
+               RefName:    "feature-branch",
+               RefType:    "branch",
+               SnapshotID: 5000,
+       }
+
+       buf.Reset()
+       textOutput{}.RefCreated(result)
+
+       output := buf.String()
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "Created branch")
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "feature-branch")
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "db.events")
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "5000")
+}
+
+func TestTextOutputRefCreatedTag(t *testing.T) {
+       var buf bytes.Buffer
+       pterm.SetDefaultOutput(&buf)
+       pterm.DisableColor()
+
+       result := RefCreatedResult{
+               Table:      "db.events",
+               RefName:    "v1.0",
+               RefType:    "tag",
+               SnapshotID: 3000,
+       }
+
+       buf.Reset()
+       textOutput{}.RefCreated(result)
+
+       output := buf.String()
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "Created tag")
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "v1.0")
+       assert.Contains(t, output, "3000")
+}
+
+func TestJSONOutputRefCreated(t *testing.T) {
+       oldStdout := os.Stdout
+       r, w, _ := os.Pipe()

Review Comment:
   `r, w, _ := os.Pipe()` drops the error. If pipe creation fails, `w` is nil 
and `os.Stdout = w` corrupts the process for subsequent tests. Suggested:
   
   ```go
   r, w, err := os.Pipe()
   require.NoError(t, err)
   oldStdout := os.Stdout
   os.Stdout = w
   t.Cleanup(func() { w.Close(); os.Stdout = oldStdout })
   ```



##########
cmd/iceberg/branch_tag_test.go:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+       "bytes"
+       "os"
+       "testing"
+
+       "github.com/apache/iceberg-go/table"
+       "github.com/pterm/pterm"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+       "github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+const branchTagTestMetadata = `{
+    "format-version": 2,
+    "table-uuid": "9c12d441-03fe-4693-9a96-a0705ddf69c1",
+    "location": "s3://bucket/test/location",
+    "last-sequence-number": 1,
+    "last-updated-ms": 1602638573590,
+    "last-column-id": 1,
+    "current-schema-id": 0,
+    "schemas": [
+        {"type": "struct", "schema-id": 0, "fields": [{"id": 1, "name": "x", 
"required": true, "type": "long"}]}
+    ],
+    "default-spec-id": 0,
+    "partition-specs": [{"spec-id": 0, "fields": []}],
+    "last-partition-id": 0,
+    "default-sort-order-id": 0,
+    "sort-orders": [{"order-id": 0, "fields": []}],
+    "properties": {},
+    "current-snapshot-id": 5000,
+    "snapshots": [
+        {"snapshot-id": 5000, "timestamp-ms": 1615100955770, 
"sequence-number": 1, "summary": {"operation": "append"}, "manifest-list": 
"s3://a/b/1.avro", "schema-id": 0}
+    ],
+    "snapshot-log": [],
+    "metadata-log": [],
+    "refs": {"main": {"snapshot-id": 5000, "type": "branch"}}
+}`
+
+func TestResolveSnapshotIDExplicit(t *testing.T) {
+       meta, err := table.ParseMetadataBytes([]byte(branchTagTestMetadata))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+
+       tbl := table.New([]string{"db", "tbl"}, meta, "", nil, nil)
+       explicit := int64(1234)
+
+       result := resolveSnapshotID(textOutput{}, tbl, &explicit)
+       assert.Equal(t, int64(1234), result)
+}
+
+func TestResolveSnapshotIDCurrent(t *testing.T) {
+       meta, err := table.ParseMetadataBytes([]byte(branchTagTestMetadata))
+       require.NoError(t, err)
+
+       tbl := table.New([]string{"db", "tbl"}, meta, "", nil, nil)
+
+       result := resolveSnapshotID(textOutput{}, tbl, nil)
+       assert.Equal(t, int64(5000), result)
+}
+
+func TestTextOutputRefCreated(t *testing.T) {
+       var buf bytes.Buffer
+       pterm.SetDefaultOutput(&buf)

Review Comment:
   `pterm.SetDefaultOutput(&buf)` mutates package-global state without restore 
(same at line 102). Sequential today, data-race on parallel tomorrow. Add 
`t.Cleanup(func() { pterm.SetDefaultOutput(os.Stderr); pterm.EnableColor() })`.



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