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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-4039?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=14336177#comment-14336177
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Derrick Burns commented on SPARK-4039:
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Support sparse data in the clusterer is a bad idea.

But so is converting sparse data directly to a dense representation for any 
data of significant dimension. 

So, what do you do?

The HashingTF is one approach to reduce the dimension of the data, but it is 
not a good one.  Collisions can lead to dramatic overestimates.

Instead, randoming indexing should be used.  
Randoming Indexing (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_indexing), per the 
Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma, guarantees that the embedding in a lower dimension 
space preserves certain distance measures.

See https://github.com/derrickburns/generalized-kmeans-clustering for an 
implementation. 

> KMeans support sparse cluster centers
> -------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: SPARK-4039
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-4039
>             Project: Spark
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: MLlib
>    Affects Versions: 1.1.0
>            Reporter: Antoine Amend
>              Labels: clustering
>
> When the number of features is not known, it might be quite helpful to create 
> sparse vectors using HashingTF.transform. KMeans transforms centers vectors 
> to dense vectors 
> (https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/master/mllib/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/mllib/clustering/KMeans.scala#L307),
>  therefore leading to OutOfMemory (even with small k).
> Any way to keep vectors sparse ?



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