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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-44003?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17795102#comment-17795102
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Rafal Wojdyla commented on SPARK-44003:
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In context of {{DynamicPartitionDataConcurrentWriter}}
https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/40952 is worthing keeping in mind.
> DynamicPartitionDataSingleWriter is being starved by Parquet MemoryManager
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Key: SPARK-44003
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-44003
> Project: Spark
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: Spark Core
> Affects Versions: 3.3.1
> Reporter: Rafal Wojdyla
> Priority: Major
>
> We have a pyspark job that writes to a partitioned parquet dataset via:
> {code:python}
> df.write.parquet(
> path=path,
> compression="snappy",
> mode="overwrite",
> partitionBy="year",
> )
> {code}
> In this specific production case we partition by 28 distinct years, so 28
> directories, each directory with 200 part files, total of 5.6K files. This
> particular job runs on a single dedicated and ephemeral VM. We have noticed
> that most of the time the VM is far from being saturated and the job is very
> slow. It's not IO or CPU bound. Here's an [annotated VM utilization graph
> |https://gist.githubusercontent.com/ravwojdyla/e468bace2bc899f86348dee067173270/raw/03cfb383d49ad43adaec2eaa3d9cbf0a3c9b8c0b/VM_util.png].
> The blue line is CPU, and turquoise is memory. This graph doesn't show IO,
> but we have also monitored that, and it also was not saturated. On the labels:
> * {{BQ}}, you can ignore this
> * {{SPARK~1}} spark computes some data
> * {{SPARK~2}} is 1st slow period
> * {{SPARK~3}} is 2nd slow period
> We took two 10 minute JFR profiles, those are marked {{P-1}} and {{P-2}} in
> the graph above. So {{P-1}} is solely in {{SPARK~2}}, and {{P-2}} is
> partially in {{SPARK~2}} but mostly in {{SPARK~3}}. Here's the
> [{{P-1}}|https://gist.githubusercontent.com/ravwojdyla/e468bace2bc899f86348dee067173270/raw/98c107ebd28608da55d84d13b3aa6eaf25b3c854/p1.png]
> profile, and here's
> [{{P-2}}|https://gist.githubusercontent.com/ravwojdyla/e468bace2bc899f86348dee067173270/raw/98c107ebd28608da55d84d13b3aa6eaf25b3c854/p2.png]
> profile.
> The picture is a bit more clear when we look at the locks, here's the
> [report|https://gist.githubusercontent.com/ravwojdyla/e468bace2bc899f86348dee067173270/raw/c0f1fb78ac9d5f90a3106b4b43a3a7b27700f66a/locks.png].
> We see that the threads were blocked on locks for a total of 20.5h,
> mostly/specifically on the global
> {{org.apache.parquet.hadoop.MemoryManager}}, which has two synchronized
> methods: {{addWriter}} and {{removeWriter}}. From [parquet-mr GH
> src|https://github.com/apache/parquet-mr/blob/9d80330ae4948787ac0bf4e4b0d990917f106440/parquet-hadoop/src/main/java/org/apache/parquet/hadoop/MemoryManager.java#L77-L98]:
> {code:java}
> /**
> * Add a new writer and its memory allocation to the memory manager.
> * @param writer the new created writer
> * @param allocation the requested buffer size
> */
> synchronized void addWriter(InternalParquetRecordWriter<?> writer, Long
> allocation) {
> Long oldValue = writerList.get(writer);
> if (oldValue == null) {
> writerList.put(writer, allocation);
> } else {
> throw new IllegalArgumentException("[BUG] The Parquet Memory Manager
> should not add an " +
> "instance of InternalParquetRecordWriter more than once. The
> Manager already contains " +
> "the writer: " + writer);
> }
> updateAllocation();
> }
> /**
> * Remove the given writer from the memory manager.
> * @param writer the writer that has been closed
> */
> synchronized void removeWriter(InternalParquetRecordWriter<?> writer) {
> writerList.remove(writer);
> if (!writerList.isEmpty()) {
> updateAllocation();
> }
> }
> {code}
> During the 10 minute profiling session all worker threads were mostly waiting
> on this lock. The implementation of the writer comes from [Spark
> src|https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/0ed48feab65f2d86f5dda3e16bd53f2f795f5bc5/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/FileFormatDataWriter.scala#L339]:
> {code:java}
> /**
> * Dynamic partition writer with single writer, meaning only one writer is
> opened at any time for
> * writing. The records to be written are required to be sorted on partition
> and/or bucket
> * column(s) before writing.
> */
> class DynamicPartitionDataSingleWriter(
> {code}
> It appears that a combination of large number of writers created via Spark's
> {{DynamicPartitionDataSingleWriter}} and the {{MemoryManager}}
> synchronization bottleneck drastically reduces the performance by starving
> the writer threads. We have validated that by removing the partitioning the
> job is much faster and fully utilizes the VM.
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