As far as XML is concerned, there is absolutely no semantic difference between a character and its Numeric Character Reference form. XML parsers generally discard this distinction; XML serializers generally write out the character unless the encoding can't represent it (forcing the numeric form).
If your application cares about this difference, fix your app. ______________________________________ "... Three things see no end: A loop with exit code done wrong, A semaphore untested, And the change that comes along. ..." -- "Threes" Rev 1.1 - Duane Elms / Leslie Fish (http://www.ovff.org/pegasus/songs/threes-rev-11.html)