> -----Original Message-----
> From: John O'Sullivan [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] 
> 
> I quickly looked at the API for JDOM earlier today after 
> seeing the first post regarding this question.  This API, for 
> the most part, uses this "two-stage construction".  (Except 
> for a couple of Classes where file I/O is used.)
> 

With JDOM, I think that most of the public API, at least, uses one stage construction 
- e.g. Element, Attribute, Text classes etc. However, all these classes appear to have 
a protected zero-arg constructor so that subclasses can override it if they want. If 
you didn't provide any further initialisation in your overridden version, then you 
would indeed get invalid objects which would need to be made valid by calling setter 
methods; but then, that would be your fault for creating a poor subclass 
implementation! 

So, I think the basic JDOM API only creates valid objects. If you know of any classes 
that don't do this, I'd be interested to hear. 

Regards, 
Al.

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