apoorvmittal10 commented on code in PR #14724:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/14724#discussion_r1405820221


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clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/clients/ClientTelemetryReporter.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,914 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.clients;
+
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.Metric;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.MetricsData;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ResourceMetrics;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ScopeMetrics;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.KafkaException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.Uuid;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InterruptException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.KafkaMetric;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsReporter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.protocol.ApiKeys;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.record.CompressionType;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest.Builder;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.ClientTelemetryState;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.ClientTelemetrySender;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.KafkaMetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricKeyable;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsCollector;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.MetricsEmitter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.SinglePointMetric;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals.TelemetryMetricNamingConvention;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Utils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * The implementation of the {@link MetricsReporter} for client telemetry 
which manages the life-cycle
+ * of the client telemetry collection process. The client telemetry reporter 
is responsible for
+ * collecting the client telemetry data and sending it to the broker.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The client telemetry reporter is configured with a {@link 
ClientTelemetrySender} which is
+ * responsible for sending the client telemetry data to the broker. The client 
telemetry reporter
+ * will attempt to fetch the telemetry subscription information from the 
broker and send the
+ * telemetry data to the broker based on the subscription information.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The full life-cycle of the metric collection process is defined by a state 
machine in
+ * {@link ClientTelemetryState}. Each state is associated with a different set 
of operations.
+ * For example, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to fetch the 
telemetry subscription
+ * from the broker when in the {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED} state.
+ * If the push operation fails, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to 
re-fetch the
+ * subscription information by setting the state back to {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * In an unlikely scenario, if a bad state transition is detected, an
+ * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The state transition follows the following steps in order:
+ * <ol>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATED}</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * For more detail in state transition, see {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#validateTransition}.
+ */
+public class ClientTelemetryReporter implements MetricsReporter {
+
+    private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClientTelemetryReporter.class);
+
+    public static final int DEFAULT_PUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
+    public static final long MAX_TERMINAL_PUSH_WAIT_MS = 1000;
+
+    private final List<MetricsCollector> collectors;
+    private final ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider;
+
+    private final ClientTelemetrySender clientTelemetrySender;
+    private Map<String, Object> rawOriginalConfig;
+    private KafkaMetricsCollector kafkaMetricsCollector;
+
+    public ClientTelemetryReporter() {
+        this.collectors = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
+        this.telemetryProvider = new ClientTelemetryProvider();
+        this.clientTelemetrySender = new DefaultClientTelemetrySender();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {
+        rawOriginalConfig = (Map<String, Object>) configs;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void contextChange(MetricsContext metricsContext) {
+        /*
+          If validation succeeds: initialize the provider, start the metric 
collection task,
+          set metrics labels for services/libraries that expose metrics.
+         */
+        Objects.requireNonNull(this.rawOriginalConfig, "configure() was not 
called before contextChange()");
+        if 
(!metricsContext.contextLabels().containsKey(MetricsContext.NAMESPACE)) {
+            log.warn("_namespace not found in metrics context. Metrics 
collection is disabled");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        collectors.forEach(MetricsCollector::stop);
+
+        if (!telemetryProvider.validate(metricsContext, rawOriginalConfig)) {
+            log.warn("Validation failed for {} context {}, skip starting 
collectors", telemetryProvider.getClass(), metricsContext.contextLabels());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            // Initialize the provider only once. contextChange(..) can be 
called more than once,
+            // but once it's been initialized and all necessary labels are 
present then we don't
+            // re-initialize.
+            telemetryProvider.configure(rawOriginalConfig);
+        }
+
+        telemetryProvider.contextChange(metricsContext);
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            initCollectors();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(List<KafkaMetric> metrics) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.init(metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is added/registered
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricChange(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricChange(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is removed
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricRemoval(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        // metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid 
context labels)
+        // in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricRemoval(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        log.debug("Stopping ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.close();
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to close client telemetry reporter", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ClientTelemetrySender telemetrySender() {
+        return clientTelemetrySender;
+    }
+
+    private void initCollectors() {
+        kafkaMetricsCollector = new KafkaMetricsCollector(
+            
TelemetryMetricNamingConvention.getClientTelemetryMetricNamingStrategy(
+                telemetryProvider.domain()));
+        collectors.add(kafkaMetricsCollector);
+    }
+
+    private ResourceMetrics buildMetric(Metric metric) {
+        return ResourceMetrics.newBuilder()
+            .setResource(telemetryProvider.resource())
+            .addScopeMetrics(ScopeMetrics.newBuilder()
+                .addMetrics(metric)
+                .build()).build();
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    List<MetricsCollector> collectors() {
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            return Collections.emptyList();
+        }
+
+        return Collections.singletonList(kafkaMetricsCollector);
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider() {
+        return telemetryProvider;
+    }
+
+    class DefaultClientTelemetrySender implements ClientTelemetrySender {
+
+        /*
+         These are the lower and upper bounds of the jitter that we apply to 
the initial push
+         telemetry API call. This helps to avoid a flood of requests all 
coming at the same time.
+        */
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_LOWER = 0.5;
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_UPPER = 1.5;
+
+        private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+        private final Condition subscriptionLoaded = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        private final Condition terminalPushInProgress = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        /*
+         Initial state should be subscription needed which should allow 
issuing first telemetry
+         request of get telemetry subscription.
+        */
+        private ClientTelemetryState state = 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+
+        private ClientTelemetrySubscription subscription;
+
+        /*
+         Last time a telemetry request was made. Initialized to 0 to indicate 
that no request has
+         been made yet. Telemetry requests, get or post, should always be made 
after the push interval
+         time has elapsed.
+        */
+        private long lastRequestMs;
+        /*
+         Interval between telemetry requests in milliseconds. Initialized to 0 
to indicate that the
+         interval has not yet been computed. The first get request will be 
immediately triggered as
+         soon as the client is ready.
+        */
+        private int intervalMs;
+        /*
+         Whether the client telemetry sender is enabled or not. Initialized to 
true to indicate that
+         the client telemetry sender is enabled. This is used to disable the 
client telemetry sender
+         when the client receives unrecoverable error from broker.
+        */
+        private boolean enabled;
+
+        private DefaultClientTelemetrySender() {
+            this.enabled = true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long timeToNextUpdate(long requestTimeoutMs) {
+            final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final long localLastRequestMs;
+            int localIntervalMs;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (!enabled) {
+                    return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                }
+
+                localState = state;
+                localLastRequestMs = lastRequestMs;
+                localIntervalMs = intervalMs;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            final long timeMs;
+            final String msg;
+
+            switch (localState) {
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS:
+                case PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS: {
+                    /*
+                     We have a network request in progress. We record the time 
of the request
+                     submission, so wait that amount of the time PLUS the 
requestTimeout that
+                     is provided.
+                    */
+                    String apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    timeMs = requestTimeoutMs;
+                    msg = String.format("the remaining wait time for the %s 
network API request, as specified by %s", apiName, 
CommonClientConfigs.REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED: {
+                    timeMs = 0;
+                    msg = String.format("the client should try to submit the 
final %s network API request ASAP before closing", ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED:
+                case PUSH_NEEDED: {
+                    String apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    long timeRemainingBeforeRequest = localLastRequestMs + 
localIntervalMs - now;
+                    if (timeRemainingBeforeRequest <= 0) {
+                        timeMs = 0;
+                        msg = String.format("the wait time before submitting 
the next %s network API request has elapsed", apiName);
+                    } else {
+                        timeMs = timeRemainingBeforeRequest;
+                        msg = String.format("the client will wait before 
submitting the next %s network API request", apiName);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    // Should never get to here
+                    timeMs = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+                    msg = "invalid telemetry state, disabling telemetry";
+            }
+
+            log.debug("For telemetry state {}, returning the value {} ms; {}", 
localState, timeMs, msg);
+            return timeMs;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Optional<AbstractRequest.Builder<?>> createRequest() {
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final ClientTelemetrySubscription localSubscription;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                localState = state;
+                localSubscription = subscription;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED) {
+                return createSubscriptionRequest(localSubscription);
+            } else if (localState == ClientTelemetryState.PUSH_NEEDED || 
localState == ClientTelemetryState.TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED) {
+                return createPushRequest(localSubscription);
+            }
+
+            log.warn("Cannot make telemetry request as telemetry is in state: 
{}", localState);
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleResponse(GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse response) 
{
+            final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();

Review Comment:
   Done.



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